【摘要】 本研究基于南京钟山国际高尔夫球场2000–2016年杂草种类及种群变化的调查,结合控制高尔夫草坪杂草的实践,旨在确定杂草持续危害百慕大(Cynodon dactylon×C. transvaalensis)的可能成因。笔者试图从自然地理环境紧邻物种丰富的中山陵国家公园、球场原址耕作多变改变了土壤杂草种子库、多地引种草坪及草坪养护管理实践这四方面,阐明环境本身外加人类社会经济活动对环境的干预后,草坪基质中杂草种子库的种类及数量增加加剧,是造成杂草持续危害百慕大草坪的重要外因。对照"主动控制草坪杂草"的理论,本研究根据控制高尔夫草坪的杂草实践,提出未来建立杂草防控档案、调整草坪管理策略、切断杂草繁衍通道、生态优先少用药剂、警惕抗性杂草发生的主动控制草坪杂草的五点设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on a survey conducted from 2000 to 2016 on weed species and their population change and by combining the practical experience of weed control in Nanjing Zhongshan International Golf Course, this study aimed to determine the possible factors that are responsible for weed-induced harm to Bermudagrass(Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis). The authors considered the following aspects: 1) Geographical(natural): Neighboring Zhongshan mountain national park with high species diversity; 2) Geographical(farmland): Species seed bank change due to multiple cultivation practices; and 3)New turf varieties introduced from different places; and 4) Those introduced during turf maintenance. This paper demonstrated that the unique geographical location, along with human socio-economic activities interfere with ecosystems and exacerbate the increasing diversity and abundance of weed seed bank present in turf substrates. This continuously expanding weed seed bank is the key external factor that causes persistent damage to Bermudagrass. In accordance with the"proactive approach for turf weeds control" and weed control practices of golf courses, the authors propose a blueprint to set up weed prevention and control database, adjust turf maintenance strategies, cut off the channels of weeds reproduction,prioritize bio-control over herbicide, and to guard against herbicide resistance in turf grass.更多还原