【摘要】 以瓜实蝇为研究对象,采用生物测定法,通过研究成虫、蛹、卵在不同温度和湿度胁迫下,成虫存活率及寿命、产卵量、卵孵化率、羽化率等生物学特性的变化,以期明确温湿度胁迫对该虫存活和繁殖特性的影响。结果表明:成虫在39～43℃下处理1 h,其存活率均随温度的升高而降低,41.5～42.5℃是成虫的致死敏感高温区;35℃或41℃下处理0.5～10.0 d,存活率均随处理时间的延长而降低;成虫在31～41℃下驯化1 h后,在43℃高温下的存活率随驯化温度的升高先增后减;在43℃处理2 h或4℃处理3 d后,成虫寿命及单雌产卵量均显著降低;蛹在33～47℃下处理4 h,羽化率随温度的升高而降低;卵在41～43℃下分别处理15、30、45 min,卵孵化率均随处理时间延长而显著降低。蛹的羽化率随沙土含水量升高而降低;湿度胁迫不同日龄蛹的羽化率差异显著;蛹在沙土含水量0%下处理1～9 d,羽化率随胁迫时间延长而下降;25℃下,成虫在RH 0%或RH 100%下处理10～130 h,存活率随处理时间的延长而降低;干旱胁迫下,羽化率随高温或低温处理时间的延长而显著降低。以上研究表明,温、湿度胁迫对瓜实蝇存活和繁殖有显著抑制作用,抑制效果与温、湿度持续时间及胁迫时各虫态龄期密切相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bactrocera cucurbitae was used as test insect,the biological characteristics of adult survival rate and longevity,number of eggs laid per female,egg hatching rate and emergence rate were studied after adult,pupae and egg were treated at different temperatures and humidity stresses using bioassay methods,in order to clarify the effects of temperature and humidity stress on the survival and reproduction characteristics of the melon flies.The results showed that the adult were treated at 39-43℃for 1 hour,and the survival rate decreased with the increase of temperature.41.5-42.5℃ was the lethal sensitive high temperature area of adults.After treatment at 35 ℃ or 41 ℃ for 0.5-10.0 hours,the survival rate decreased with the prolongation of treatment time.After acclimation for 1 hour at 31-41℃,the survival rate of the adult at 43 ℃increased first and then decreased with the increase of the acclimation temperature.After treatment at 43 ℃ for 2 hor 4 ℃ for 3 days,adult longevity and number of eggs laid per female were significantly reduced.At 33-47 ℃,the emergence rate of pupae decreased with increasing temperature.The eggs were treated at 41-43℃for 15,30 and45 minutes respectively,the hatching rate of eggs decreased significantly with the prolongation of treatment time.The emergence rate of pupae decreased with the increase of the soil water content.There is also a significant difference in the emergence rate when humidity stress was different for different ages of pupae.The treatment was carried out under drought stress for 1-9 days,and the emergence rate decreased with the prolongation of stress time.At 25 ℃,adults were treated at the relative humidity 0% or 100% for 10-130 hours,and the survival rate decreased with the prolongation of treatment time.Under drought stress,the emergence rate decreased significantly with the prolongation of high temperature or low temperature exposure time.The results showed that temperature and humidity stress had significant inhibitory effects on the survival and reproduction of the melon flies,and the inhibitory effect was closely related to the duration of temperature and humidity and the age of each stage of the melon flies in the stress.更多还原