【摘要】 以野生水茄幼苗为试材,在室内溶液培养条件下,诱导水茄Ca、Mg、S的缺素症,分析各缺素处理下水茄的生长和生理差异,以期为水茄幼苗规模化生产中营养缺素诊断提供依据。结果表明:各缺素处理均诱导水茄出现能明显察觉和区分的专一缺素症;不同缺素诱导水茄出现相应缺素症的时间和程度有差别,3种缺素症以缺Ca症表现最早和最明显;不同缺素处理均影响水茄幼苗生长,缺素处理的叶片数、全株干物质质量、根冠比、总根长、根总体积、根系活力均显著低于完全培养。其中,缺Ca和缺S水茄叶片数最少,分别比对照和缺Mg水茄少了16.33%和6.81%。缺Ca水茄全株干物质质量、总根长、根总体积、根系活力均最低,分别比其它营养状况下的低了11.30%～42.70%、27.75%～41.88%、14.29%～66.67%、20.98%～75.01%。缺Mg植株根冠比和老叶叶绿素含量均最低,分别比对照、缺Ca和缺S水茄低了29.41%、14.29%、45.46%与75.00%、60.00%、55.56%。嫩叶叶绿素含量以缺Ca的最低,分别比对照和缺Mg、缺S的低42.31%、25.00%和16.67%。对照根系活力分别是Ca、Mg、S缺素植株的4.00、2.03、3.16倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 Deficiency symptoms of calcium,magnesium and sulfur in the Solanum torvum seedlings cultured in nutrient solution were induced and observed,along with the determination of growth parameters and physiological characteristics.The conclusions of the present study provided a valuable basis for nutrient deficiency diagnosis in the large scale production of Solanum torvum seedlings.The results indicated that each treatment of a specific nutrient deficiency induced exclusive symptoms;the emergence time and severity of three different nutrient deficiencies were different,with symptoms of calcium deficiency emerging the earliest and the most obvious;all the three nutrient deficiencies impacted adversely the growth of Solanum torvum seedlings,namely the number of leaves,whole-plant dry weight and root volume of the deficiency treatments were all significantly lower than those of the non-deficiency control.Calcium deficiency and sulfur deficiency resulted in significant lesser leaf numbers than those of the control and magnesium deficiency by 16.33% and 6.81%,respectively.Calcium deficiency led to the lowest whole-plant dry weight,total root length,total root volume and root activity,namely lower than other treatments by 11.30%-42.70%,27.75%-41.88%,14.29%-66.67%,20.98%-75.01%,respectively.Magnesium deficiency led to the lowest root to shoot ratio and chlorophyll content in old leaves,lower than the control,calcium deficiency and sulfur deficiency by 29.41%,14.29%,45.46% and 75.00%,60.00%,55.56%.Calcium deficiency led to the lowest chlorophyll content in tender leaves,lower than the control,magnesium deficiency and sulfur deficiency by 42.31%,25.00%and 16.67%.The root activity of the control was 4.00,2.03 and 3.16 times of those of calcium,magnesium and sulfur deficiencies.更多还原