【摘要】 生态环境建设与经济协调发展已成为江苏省社会经济发展中亟需解决的问题,引种药食与景观兼用的木瓜具有非常重要的现实意义。自2016年起,从山东临沂将一品香、长俊、奥香、罗扶、绿玉、红艳、帅美11、帅美14皱皮木瓜品种和富贵果、晚黄金、普通型3个光皮木瓜品种引种到苏州基地,又将绿玉、长俊、红霞、一品香4个皱皮木瓜品种和金苹果1个光皮木瓜品种引种到大丰沿海滩涂地进行适应性研究。近两年的引种试验结果显示:(1)所有木瓜品种在苏州基地、大丰基地极易成活,栽后返青成活率均为100%,与原产地相比木瓜物候期均提前;(2)苏州基地,一品香、长俊、罗扶三个皱皮木瓜和普通型光皮木瓜抗旱性相对较优,综合表现也较好,推广前景看好。偏重于观花功能的皱皮木瓜品种帅美11、帅美14综合表现也较好;(3)大丰沿海滩涂地,一品香、长俊、金苹果3个木瓜品种抗旱性、耐盐碱性相对较优,综合表现也明显较好,潜在应用价值明显;(4)研究期间苏州基地木瓜的蚜虫危害大、锈病感染重,但大丰基地木瓜病虫害较轻,可能与生长环境中的寄主数量或者气候条件影响存在关联。更多还原

【Abstract】 The coordinated development of ecological environment construction and economy has become a urgent problem to be solved in Jiangsu Province. Introduction of Chaenomeles species that can be used as food,medicine and ornamental plants was of great practical significance. To conduct adaptability study,eight C. speciosa Yipinxiang,Changjun,Aoxiang,Luofu,Lvyu,Hongyan,Shuaimei 11,Shuaimei 14 and three C. sinensis Fuguiguo,Wanhuangjin,common type had been introduced to Suzhou base and four C. speciosa Lvyu,Changjun,Hongxia,Yipinxiang and C. sinensis Jinpingguo had been introduced to Dafeng coastal shallow from Linyi,Shandong Province since 2016. Two-years introduction test indicated that:(1)All the Chaenomeles species survived easily in Suzhou base and Dafeng base with a survival rate of 100%.Their phenological phases were earlier than those in the original region.(2)In Suzhou base,three C. speciose species Yinpinxiang,Changjun,Luofuand and common C. sinensis were superior in drought-resistance and salt-tolerance with a better comprehensive performances and a more prominsing extention prospect. C. speciosa species Shuaimei 11 and Shuaimei 14 whose flowers were more valued and were also superior in comprehensive performences.(3) In Dafeng coastal shallow,three Chaenomeles species Yipinxiang,Changjun and Jinpingguo were superior in drought-resistance and salt-tolerance with a obviously better comprehensive performances and obvious potential application value.(4)During the study period,Chaenomeles in Suzhou base were seriously damaged by aphids and rust while the disease and pests in Dafeng were not so serious,which might be related to the host number in the habitat and local weather conditions.更多还原