【摘要】 中国火山温泉主要分布在吉林长白山、云南腾冲和黑龙江五大连池等火山区。这些火山虽然处于休眠状态,但大面积的温泉分布指示着岩浆房存在的可能性。本文总结了前人研究成果,分析了中国主要火山区温泉气体地球化学特征,并探讨了温泉气体在火山监测中的应用。长白山、腾冲和五大连池火山区温泉气体地球化学性质类似,都以CO₂为主要气体,含量在80%以上,最高可达99%以上,其它气体组分包括CH₄、N₂、O₂、SO₂、H₂S、He和H₂等。长白山火山温泉气体中氦同位素比值（³He/⁴He）最高,约为4—6R_A,CO₂中碳同位素比值(δ¹³C)为-7.9‰—-1.3‰,CH₄中碳同位素为-48.0‰—-28.7‰;腾冲火山温泉气体氦同位素比值为3—5.5R_A,CO₂中的碳同位素为-6.49‰—-2.07‰,CH₄中碳同位素为-23.5‰—-9.3‰;五大连池火山温泉气体氦同位素比值约为3RA,CO₂中的碳同位素比值为-9.6‰—-3.1‰,CH₄中碳同位素为-47.2‰—-44.4‰。3个火山区的温泉气体均显示地幔来源的岩浆气体特征,并在上升运移过程中受地壳或古俯冲物质的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The volcanic hot springs in China are mainly distributed in the Changbaishan volcanic region in Jilin Province, the Tengchong volcanic region in Yunnan Province, and the Wudalianchi volcanic region in Heilongjiang Province. Although these volcanoes are dormant, wide distribution of hot springs indicates the existence of magma chambers. This paper summarizes the results of previous studies, analyzes the geochemical characteristics of hot spring gas in major volcanic regions of China, and discusses the applications of hot spring gases in volcano monitoring. The geochemical characteristics of the hot spring gases in the Changbaishan, Tengchong, and Wudalianchi volcanic regions are similar, with CO₂ as the main gas, the content of which is above 80%, and the highest is more than 99%. Other gas components including CH₄, N₂, O₂, SO₂, H₂S, He and H₂. The helium isotopic ratios（³He/⁴He） in the Changbaishan volcanic hot spring gases are the highest, about 4—6 RA. The carbon isotopes（δ13 C） in CO2 are from-7.9‰ to-1.3‰ and the carbon isotopes in CH₄ are between-48.0‰ and-28.7‰. The helium isotopic ratios of the Tengchong volcanic hot spring gases are 3—5.5 R_A. The carbon isotopes of CO₂ are from-6.49‰ to 2.07‰ and from-22.22‰ to-13.70‰ in CH₄. The helium isotopic ratios of the Wudalianchi volcanic hot spring are about 3 R_A. The carbon isotopic ratios in CO₂ are between-9.6‰ and-3.1‰ and from-47.2‰ to-44.4‰ in CH₄. The hot spring gases in the three volcanic areas all indicate mantle sources, which may be contaminated by the crustal or ancient subduction materials during the up-immigration processes. Combined with the results of earthquakes and topographic deformation, the geochemical characteristics of gases in volcanic hot springs are of great importance to the monitoring of active volcanoes.更多还原