【摘要】 [目的]了解女性教师心理健康状况,探寻保持女教师心理健康的对策。[方法]在全国范围内采取随机整群抽样方式,抽取调查各教育阶段在职女性教师4 535名,应用网络在线、手机微信、现场填写问卷等方式,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对她们的心理健康进行调查,并分析其影响因素。[结果]答题有效率为96.8%(4 394/4 535)。女性教师SCL-90总均分的阳性率为18.5%,出现某一因子阳性的比率为36.0%。因子分阳性比率前三位依次为强迫、躯体化、忧郁。年龄、抽样地区、职称、学历、收入、加班情况、工作负荷、是否长时间站立及部分生活习惯可能是女性教师心理健康的影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]女性教师的心理健康问题较为严重。应尤其关注36~45岁、中级职称以及低收入女性教师的心理健康。同时政府和用人单位应该统一行动,减少教师工作负荷,逐步建立和完善心理疏通渠道,促进教师心理健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To understand female teachers’ psychological health status and its influential factors,in order to promote female teachers’ psychological heath. [Methods] A random cluster sampling method was adopted throughout the country. Totally4 535 female teachers participated in this survey through on-line,we-chat or interview. They were investigated with questionnaire of symptom check list-90(SCL-90). [Results] Totally 4 394 female teachers(96.8%) finished the answer to the questionnaire completely. The positive rate of total SCL-90 score was 18.53%,and positive rate of any one factor was 36.0%. The symptom of positive factor were mainly obsessive-compulsive symptom,somatization and melancholy. There was a difference of teachers’ psychological heath among different survey area(P < 0.05). The major influence factors of teachers’ psychological heath included age,professional title,education background,income,working hours,workload,standing hours and some style of living(P < 0.05). [Conclusion] Female teachers’ psychological health problem was quite serious. We should pay special attention to the mental health of female teachers aged 36 to 45 with middle level professional title and low income. At the same time,the government and employers should act in a unified way to reduce the workload and gradually establish and improve channels for psychological dredging.更多还原