【摘要】 同时测定高浓度锌电解液中多种杂质金属离子对湿法炼锌非常重要,旨在建立一种用单扫描示波极谱二阶导数波同时测定锌电解液中微量铜、镉、镍、钴的新方法。研究这四种金属离子在丁二酮肟-柠檬酸钠-四硼酸钠介质中极谱导数波的影响因素。结果表明:高浓度Zn²⁺和其他大多数共存离子不干扰Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Ni²⁺和Co²⁺的测定。锌电解液中Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Ni²⁺和Co²⁺的浓度分别在1×10^-7～3×10^-4、6×10^-7～2×10^-4、2×10^-8～1×10^-5和1×10^-8～3×10^-5mol/L范围时,其二阶导数波峰电流与浓度呈线性关系。Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Ni²⁺和Co²⁺的检出限分别为8×10^-8、2×10^-7、6×10^-9和4×10^-9mol/L。该方法无需任何预处理直接测定锌电解液中的Cu²⁺、Cd²⁺、Ni²⁺和Co²⁺,结果令人满意。该方法简便、灵敏、快速。更多还原

【Abstract】 Simultaneous determination of impurity metal ions in high concentration zinc solution is very important for zinc hydrometallurgy, and the purpose is to establish a method for determining the trace Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ in zinc electrolytes at the same time using the second derivative waves of single sweep oscillopolarography. Factors affecting the derivative waves of the ions were researched in a medium of dimethylglyoxime （DMG）-sodium citrate-sodium tetraborate. The results indicated that the interferences of a high concentration of Zn²⁺ and most other coexisting ions on the determination can be eliminated; when the Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ are in the ranges of 1×10^-7-3×10^-4, 6×10^-7-2×10^-4, 2×10^-8-1×10^-5 and 1×10^-8-3×10^-5 mol/L, respectively, the relationships between the peak currents of the second derivative waves and the concentrations are linear; the detection limits to determine the Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ are 8×10^-8, 2×10^-7, 6×10^-9 and 4×10^-9 mol/L, respectively. Without any sample pretreatment, the method was used to directly determine the trace Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ in actual zinc electrolytes with satisfactory results. The method is simple, sensitive and rapid.更多还原