【摘要】 在当代,口腔干燥综合征发病率日益增高。考察中医古籍,得到以下结论,病名:使用较多、命名较规范的是"口干""口燥"和"口渴",以"口干"为优。病位:涉及心、脾、肺、肾、大肠、胃等,但以心、脾、肺为多。病性:属热,但医藉中或主虚热,或主实热,或主上热下寒。病机:《诸病源候论》认为是腑脏虚热、津液亏虚以及阴阳断隔、上热下寒;《圣济总录》则认为是心经蕴热、传之于脾以及热积上焦、口舌失润;后世又补充了脾胃气虚、血虚、血瘀、水停等病机。治法与处方:晋代《葛氏方》中首载治口干方,创口含剂型;南北朝谢士泰《删繁方》开始标本兼治;自《备急千金要方》起清热生津法成为后世治疗口干的普遍之选;《圣济总录》在古代医籍中载治口干方最多,剂型最为丰富。更多还原

【Abstract】 In contemporary era, the incidence oforal sjogrenhas been rising. By investigating the ancient TCMtraditional Chinese medicineclassics, the authors drew the following conclusions: name of disease: the frequently used and relatively standard names of oral sjogren in TCM classics were "kougan", "kouzao" and "kouke". According to our study, "kougan" wasthe best one. Location of disease: the recorded locations of oral sjogren in ancient literature involved heart, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine, stomach, etc. However, the heart, spleen and lung were intended to be mentioned more frequently according to relevant prescriptions. Nature of disease: in ancient literature, the disease nature of sjogren ascribed to heat with no final conclusion of being deficiency-heat, excess-heat or upper heat and lower cold. Mechanism of disease: in Treatise on the Origins and Manifestations of Various Diseases(Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun), the mechanism of xerostomia was believed to be deficiency heat in viscera and bowels, fluid depletion, yin-yang separation and upper heat with lower cold. Comprehensive Recording of Divine Assistance(Sheng Ji Zong Lu) took the theory of heat transmission from heart channel to spleen channel and dry mouth due to upper jiao heat as the main mechanism. Doctors in later generations complemented other mechanisms such as spleen-stomach qi deficiency, blood deficiency, blood stasis and water retention. Therapeutic methods and prescriptions: Prescription for dry mouth was first mentioned in Ge’s formulas(Ge Shi Fang) in Jin dynasty, which was the very first oral tablet of edible and medicinal materials. Shan Fan Formulas(Shan Fan Fang) by XIE Shitai in Northern and Southern dynasties initiated the method to treat the root and branch simultaneously. Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency(Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang) set the precedent of clearing heat and promoting fluid production, which became a common practice in later generations. Comprehensive Recording of Divine Assistance(Sheng Ji Zong Lu) recorded the largest number of prescriptions and the amplest preparations such as pill, paste, powder and decoction.更多还原