【摘要】 2016年于湖南、山东等六地进行了马拉硫磷在莴笋中的规范性残留试验,建立了气相色谱-火焰光度检测器（GC-FPD）测定马拉硫磷在莴笋样品中的残留分析方法,并对我国各类人群的膳食摄入风险进行了评估。样品采用乙腈提取,丙酮置换净化、GC-FPD检测,结果表明:当马拉硫磷在莴笋全株、茎和叶中的添加浓度为0.02⁸.0mg/kg时,其回收率在83%¹08%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）在1%⁶%之间;马拉硫磷的最小检出量（LOD）为1.0×10^-11g,定量限（LOQ）均为0.02mg/kg。湖南和山东莴笋全株中马拉硫磷的消解动态试验结果显示,马拉硫磷的半衰期为1.75².27d,属于易降解农药;六地的最终残留试验结果表明,最后一次施用马拉硫磷5、7、10d后,莴笋茎中的最终残留量≤0.509mg/kg,莴笋叶中的最终残留量≤5.670mg/kg。莴笋的膳食风险评估结果显示,我国各类人群对马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶中的国家估计每日摄入量（NEDI）分别为0.115⁰.445μg/（kg·d）和1.042⁵.583μg/（kg·d）,风险商值（RQ）分别为0.000 4⁰.001 5和0.003 5⁰.018 6,证明马拉硫磷在莴笋中的长期膳食摄入风险较低。推荐我国马拉硫磷在莴笋茎和莴笋叶上的最大残留限量值（MRL）分别为1 mg/kg和10mg/kg。更多还原

【Abstract】 The normative residual trials of malathion in asparagus lettuce were carried out in 6 provinces in 2016.A new method for the residue determination of malathion in asparagus lettuce was developed by using gas chromatography equipped with flame photometric detector（GC-FPD）.The dietary intake risk assessment to different populations was investigated based on data for malathion residues in asparagus lettuce.The asparagus lettuce was extracted with acetonitrile,cleaned up by acetone displacement and determined by GC-FPD.Under the fortified level from0.02 to 8.0 mg/kg for asparagus lettuce,the recovery ranged from83% to 108% with the relative standard deviations（RSD）of 1%-6%.The limit of detection（LOD）of malathion was 1.0×10^-11 g,and the limit of quantitation（LOQ）of the method was 0.02 mg/kg.The dissipation dynamic test of malathion in asparagus lettuce in Hunan and Shandong showed that malathion was easily degradable,and the half-life of malathion was 1.75-2.27 days.The final residues of asparagus lettuce stems were≤0.509 mg/kg,and the final residues ofasparagus lettuce leaves were≤ 5.670 mg/kg 5,7,10 days after the last application,respectively.The national estimated daily intake（NEDI）of malathion were 0.115-0.445μg/（kg·d）（in stem）and 1.042-5.583μg/（kg·d）（in leaves）,and the risk quotients（RQ）were 0.000 4-0.001 5 and 0.003 5-0.018 6 for different population in China,which indicated its low risk in asparagus lettuce for long-term dietary intake.The maximum residue limit（MRL）of malathion on asparagus lettuce stem and leaf are recommended to be 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg in China,respectively.更多还原