【摘要】 目的通过对贵州省遵义市务川县由剧毒蘑菇新种假淡红鹅膏造成的中毒事件的流行病学调查总结,为毒蘑菇中毒防控积累资料和经验。方法对中毒事件开展现场流行病学调查,采集可疑毒蘑菇样品并开展形态学鉴定,同时开展急性毒理学试验。结果 2014年9月19日,务川县某村村民父子2人因进食自采野生蘑菇中毒死亡。分别于餐后9、17 h后出现恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等症状,送医就诊,诊断为毒蘑菇中毒。病程中中毒者出现以肝损害为主的中毒表现,病例1丙氨酸氨基转移酶最高达1 279 U/L,病例2最高达6 070 U/L;病例1门冬氨酸氨基转移酶最高达2 829 U/L,病例2最高达6 868 U/L。因病情进行性加重,出现临床多项指标异常,分别于中毒第5天、第7天因多脏器衰竭救治无效死亡。现场调查采集的可疑蘑菇样品,经形态学辨识、分子生物学研究鉴定为剧毒蘑菇新种假淡红鹅膏。将可疑蘑菇样品开展小鼠简易急性经口毒性试验,试验5只雄性小鼠全部死亡,5只雌性小鼠中3只死亡。结论此次中毒事件为误采误食剧毒的假淡红鹅膏引起的中毒事件。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To accumulate data and experience for the prevention and control of mushroom poisoning through investigation and summary of one mushroom poisoning caused by a new species: Amanita subpallidorosea, which was collected from Wuchuan County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. Methods Epidemiological investigations were carried out soon after the mushroom poisoning incident occurred. Suspicious mushroom specimens were photographed, recorded and collected, species identification and acute toxicity test were taken subsequently. Results On September 19 th, 2014, one father and his son from rural area of Wuchuan County developed symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in 9 hours and 17 hours after eating some white wild mushrooms collected by themselves from the forest just behind their yard. The two patients developed acute liver failure and their main symptoms were as follows: the highest alanine aminotransferase of case 1 reached 1 279 U/L, and case 2 was 6 070 U/L; the aspartate transaminase of case 1 reached its peak at 2 829 U/L, and for case 2 was up to 6 868 U/L. Since the diseases were aggravated, several abnormal clinical indicators of patients appeared and the two patients died on the 5 th and 7 th day after poisoning due to multiple organ failures. Based on morphological and molecular studies, the suspicious mushroom was identified as a new lethal species, Amanita subpallidorosea. All the tested 5 male mice and 3 out of 5 female mice died in the acute oral toxicity test. Conclusion This food poisoning incident was caused by the lethal mushroom, Amanita subpallidorosea, which was mistakenly regarded as edible mushrooms.更多还原