【摘要】 目的对我国8省738份市售食用植物油中4种黄曲霉毒素（AFB₁、AFB₂、AFG₁和AFG₂）污染状况进行调查。方法首先用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法快速筛检市售食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素,再用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）法对阳性样品中4种黄曲霉毒素的含量进一步确证。结果食用植物油样品中黄曲霉毒素总量的含量范围在0.06²21.00μg/kg之间,平均为19.30μg/kg。4种黄曲霉毒素的污染以AFB₁为主,其检出率为17.21%（127/738）,平均含量为16.20μg/kg。其次是AFB₂、AFG₁和AFG₂。花生油中黄曲霉毒素污染较重,AFB1超标率为11.57%（25/216）。来自广西的植物油样品中黄曲霉毒素污染较重,AFB1超标率达19.23%（20/104）。此外,散装植物油中黄曲霉毒素污染含量高于定型包装样品。95.45%（126/132）的阳性样品检出2种或2种以上的黄曲霉毒素。结论我国食用植物油存在黄曲霉毒素协同污染现象,并以AFB₁为主。花生油、来自广西的植物油样品以及散装食用植物油样品中黄曲霉毒素污染较高,需重点监测并加以监管。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the natural occurrence of four kinds of aflatoxins including AFB₁,AFB₂,AFG₁ and AFG₂ in a total of 738 edible vegetable oil samples collected from eight regions of China. Methods Based on the quick screening of aflatoxins concentration in edible vegetable oil samples using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA）method,ultra-performance liquid chromatography（ UPLC） method was employed for the quantification of four kinds of aflatoxins in positive samples. Results The concentrations of total aflatoxins were within 0. 06-221. 00 μg/kg with the mean level of 19. 30 μg/kg. AFB₁ was predominant and the positive rate was 17. 21%（ 127/738） with the mean level of16. 20 μg/kg,followed by AFB₂,AFG₁ and AFG₂. Peanut oil was the most heavily contaminated by aflatoxins than other kinds of edible vegetable oil,and the violation rate of AFB1 was 11. 57%（ 25/216）. The samples from Guangxi Province also had higher aflatoxins concentrations,and the violation rate of AFB₁ was 19. 23%（ 20/104）. Moreover,the aflatoxins concentrations in unpacked oil were higher than prepackaged oil. 95. 45%（ 126/132） of the positive samples were detected with more than one type of aflatoxins. Conclusion There were simultaneous occurrence of four kinds of aflatoxins in edible vegetable oil collected from China. AFB₁ was predominant. Peanut oil,samples from Guangxi Province and unpacked oil contained relatively high concentrations of aflatoxins,suggesting better monitoring.更多还原