【摘要】 桦剥管菌Piptoporus betulinus作为一种褐腐真菌,是白桦木材的专性腐朽菌,在工业污染物降解和医药领域中起着重要作用。以桦剥管菌为材料,在SRAP-PCR体系优化的基础上,对来自东北主要林区（带岭、塔河、帽儿山以及敦化）不同种群的桦剥管菌进行遗传多样性分析,为桦剥管菌多态性鉴定以及进一步利用提供理论依据。结果表明:用单因素法及均匀设计法优化后的SRAP-PCR体系为10×Buffer 2.0μL、Primer各8μmol/L、dNTP 16 mmol/L、Taq polymerase 2.5 U、DNA 12 ng、Mg²⁺45 mmol/L,总体积20μL;利用优化的反应体系筛选出15对引物,并扩增出239条清晰的条带,其中237条为多态性条带,多态性比率为99.16%;采用POPGENE软件分析,4个种群的平均有效等位基因平均数、平均Nei’s多样性指数、平均Shannon多样性指数分别为1.499 5、0.303 0、0.465 5;系统聚类结果显示,15个菌株分成了两个类群,这一结果表明来自同一地点菌株的遗传背景较为相似,揭示了桦剥管菌菌株间遗传特性与地理分布间的相互关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Piptoporus betulinus, as a kind of brown rot fungus specially decaying the birch wood, plays a vital role in degradation of industrial pollutants and medicine fields. Therefore, P. betulinus from different populations of the northeast China（Dailing, Tahe, Mao’er Mountain and Dunhua） was concerned as research material based on optimizing of SRAP reaction system. The purpose is to make the polymorphism identification among the populations and providing theoretical basis for further utilization. The results showed that the optimal reaction system was 20 μL total volume including 10×Buffer 2.0 μL, each primer 8 μmol/L, d NTP 16 mmol/L, Taq polymerase 2.5 U, DNA 10 ng, Mg²⁺ 45 mmol/L. Fifteen primer combinations were screened using optimal reaction, and produced 239 clear bands, of which 237 were polymorphic bands with 99.16% polymorphism. Using POPGENE software, the mean number of effective alleles, Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 1.499 5, 0.303 0 and 0.465 5, respectively. All the samples were divided into two groups by cluster analysis, suggesting that genetic background in the fungal strains from the same population was relatively similar and revealing the relationship between the geographical distribution and genetic characteristics of the species.更多还原