【摘要】 目的调查新生儿重症监护病房(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)住院早产儿母亲在母婴分离期的泌乳量及乳汁分泌规律,分析相关因素。方法选取2016年2月—12月山东省某三级甲等综合医院122例NICU住院早产儿母亲为研究对象,采用现况调查法对早产儿母亲在患儿住院期间的泌乳量进行连续测定,并应用早产儿母亲泌乳相关因素综合问卷及爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,EPDS)对早产儿母亲进行调查;采用SAS 9.2统计软件对产后第1~7天与第8~14天泌乳量进行Pearson相关分析,通过多元线性回归分析筛选早产儿母亲产后早期泌乳量的相关因素。结果入选的住院早产儿母亲在产后14 d内的泌乳量呈上升趋势,第14天泌乳量为(535.43±265.97)ml,产后泌乳Ⅱ期启动时间为(68.23±26.42)h;第4天泌乳量与第14天泌乳量相关系数为0.707 0(P<0.01);妊娠高血压综合征、泌乳Ⅱ期启动时间、EPDS得分、早产儿出生胎龄、产妇年龄是NICU住院早产儿母亲母婴分离期泌乳量的主要影响因素。结论 NICU住院早产儿母亲产后早期泌乳量少,泌乳Ⅱ期启动时间晚、延迟率高;在临床护理工作中,应关注产龄较大、早产儿出生胎龄较小、合并妊娠高血压综合征、EPDS得分较高、泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟的产妇,并给予及时、针对性干预措施,提高母婴分离期泌乳量和早产儿母乳喂养成功率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the milk production and its regularity in mothers with preterm infants hospitalized in NICU during periods of mother-infant separation,and to analyze the associating factors. Methods Totally 122 mothers with preterm infants hospitalized in NICU were recruited from February to December,2017.Continuous measurements of daily breast milk production were performed. The maternal lactation related comprehensive questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) were used. The Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted using the Statistical Analysis Systems(version 9.2).Results The milk volumes for the first 14 days postpartum showed a trend of rising among mothers. The mean milk volume on day 14 postpartum was(535.43±256.97) ml. The mean initiation time of lactogenesis stage Ⅱ was(68.23±26.42) h. The correlation coefficient of lactation between day 4 and day 14 was 0.707 0(P<0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome,initiation time of lactogenesis stage Ⅱ,EPDS score,gestational age, maternal age were the influencing factors of milk volume for mothers during periods of mother-infant separation. Conclusion The milk volume of mothers with preterm infants was relatively lower compared with mothers with full-term infants during the early stage postpartum,and the onset of lactogenesis stage Ⅱ was later. In clinical nursing work,healthcare providers should pay special attention to mothers with older maternal age,smaller gestational age,pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome,higher EPDS score,and later initiation time of lactogenesis stageⅡ.更多还原