【摘要】 为探讨根际通气栽培对薄皮甜瓜生长及养分吸收的影响,以薄皮甜瓜‘玉美人’为试材,在营养基质槽式栽培条件下,进行根际不同通气量(CK:不通气;h:20 L·min^-1;a:40 L·min^-1)处理,研究了薄皮甜瓜在不同根际通气量下植株生长和养分吸收的变化规律。结果表明,通气处理可以显著增加根际O₂浓度,降低根际CO₂浓度。处理第10 d时,a和h处理株高分别较CK高出18%和8%。根长、根体积、根系活力和叶绿素（a+b）含量在处理第20 d时,a和h处理分别较CK高14.94%、43.69%、49.37%、19.35%和12.64%、21.83%、34.13%、11.52%。通气处理显著提高了甜瓜单瓜质量,a和h处理分别是CK的1.5倍和1.2倍。果实中可溶性固形物、蛋白质、维生素C和可溶性总糖含量均显著高于CK。通气栽培促进了根系对基质中碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的吸收。在处理30 d时,a和h处理基质中碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别比CK降低了23%、21%、21%和14%、14%、13%。综合分析表明,在甜瓜果实发育期,a处理更有利于植株生长、果实发育及根系对养分的吸收。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effects of rhizosphere aeration cultivation on the growth and nutrient absorption of oriental melon, the oriental melon‘Yumeiren’was used as material in the study,and different rhizosphere ventilation treatments(CK :no aeration treatment;h :20 L · min^-1;a:40 L · min^-1) were conducted under the conditions of nutrient matrix groove cultivation.The variations of plant growth and nutrient absorption under different rhizosphere ventilation were studied. The results showed that aeration treatments could significantly increase the concentration of rhizosphere O₂ and reduce the concentration of rhizosphere CO₂. On the 10th day of treatment,the plant heights of treatments a and h were 18% and 8% higher than those of CK,respectively. The root length,root volume,root activity and chlorophyll（a+b） content on the 20 th day of treatment,a and h treatments were 14.94%,43.69%,49.37%,19.35% and 12.64%,21.83%,34.13%,11.52% higher than the CK,respectively. Aeration treatments significantly increased single melon fruit weight,a and h treatments were 1.5 and 1.2 times that of the ck,respectively.The contents of soluble solid,protein,vitamin C and total soluble sugar in fruits were significantly higher than those in CK. Aeration cultivation promoted the absorption of available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium by the root system. At 30 days,the contents of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in matrix,a and h treatments reduced by 23%,21%,21%,and 14%,14%,13% compared to ck,respectively. Comprehensive analysis showed that the treatment a was more conducive to plant growth,fruit development,and root absorption of nutrients during the melon fruit development period.更多还原