【摘要】 【目的】本研究旨在挖掘水稻粒型新基因、探索其分子机理,解析籽粒发育调控遗传网络奠定基础,并为通过分子标记聚合有利基因开展超级稻分子设计育种提供理论依据。【方法】以植株和籽粒形态差异较大的晚粳稻品种春江16B(CJ16B)和广亲和中籼稻背景恢复系C84为亲本构建含有188个家系的重组自交系为作图群体,利用158对在双亲中存在多态性差异的分子标记,构建了遗传连锁图谱,总遗传距离为1428.40 cM,平均标记间距为9.04 cM。在构建遗传图谱的基础上,完成RIL188个株系籽粒的粒长、粒宽、粒厚、长宽比和千粒重等5个性状考查并进行QTL定位。【结果】在海南陵水和浙江杭州两地共检测到籽粒相关主效QTL 30个,包括籽粒QTL新座位18个,解释遗传变异3.51%~17.25%。其中粒长、粒宽、粒厚和长宽比QTL位点分别为9个、5个、5个和6个,千粒重QTL位点5个。经基因座位比对,发现有5个QTL区间与已克隆的调控籽粒形态相关基因座位相近,我们通过对双亲目标基因的测序并根据差异位点设计d CAPs分子标记进行验证。【结论】该RIL群体及其遗传图谱可用于水稻重要农艺性状主效QTL基因的定位和克隆,新定位的18个粒型QTL可以为水稻籽粒发育调控网络提供补充和资料积累。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The objective of the study was to lay a foundation for further excavating new genes related to grain traits, analyzing the molecular mechanism and exploring the genetic regulation network of rice grain development, and providing theoretical support for the molecular breeding of super rice. 【Method】With the mapping population of 188-line recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from the cross between late japonica rice Chunjiang16 B(CJ16 B) and wide-compatible mid-indica restoration lines C84 which were relatively different in plant and grain morphology, a rice linkage genetic map was constructed on the basis of 158 polymorphic molecular markers, covering a total length of 1428.40 cM and an average interval of 9.04 cM. Five traits such as grain length(GL), grain width(GW), grain thickness(GT), length-to-width ratio(LWR) and thousand grain weight(TGW) were investigated in Lingshui, Hainan Province and Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, and quantitative trait loci(QTLs) were analyzed. 【Result】A total of 30 QTLs including 18 new QTLs were detected and their contribution rates ranged from 3.51% to 17.25%. The number of QTLs related to GL, GW, GT, LWR and TGW were 9, 5, 5, 6 and 5, respectively; Gene locus alignment showed that five cloned genes of grain shape were found in the QTL marker interval, which were identified with sequencing of parental target genes and d CAPs molecular marker. 【Conclusion】The results showed that the RIL population and its genetic map could be used for the localization and cloning of the main QTLs/genes of important agronomic traits in rice. The new 18 grain QTLs are supplement to the regulation network of rice grain development.更多还原