【摘要】 为定量研究土壤侵蚀对东北黑土区土壤酶活性的影响,采用野外模拟试验法,对东北黑土区8个侵蚀程度、2种施肥处理试验小区的土壤酶活性及土壤理化性质进行测定。结果表明,土壤酶活性值随侵蚀程度增加呈指数降低趋势。相比未侵蚀,侵蚀程度达到70 cm时,过氧化氢酶、纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、脲酶活性在施肥土壤中分别下降了69%、72%、72%、61%,在未施肥土壤中分别下降了64%、76%、74%、63%。施肥和未施肥土壤中全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮含量均随土壤侵蚀程度的增加而下降,只有全钾含量随着侵蚀程度的增加而增加,与侵蚀程度呈正相关。由于施肥量相对较低且持续时间较短,因此化肥的施用对土壤酶活性的提高作用有限。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to quantitatively study the effects of soil erosion on soil enzyme activities in black soil area of northeast China,the paper determined the soil enzyme activity and the physicochemical properties of soil of experimental plots with 2 kinds of fertilizer treatment and 8 erosion degrees of black soil region in northeast China by using field simulation test. The outcomes show that the index of soil enzyme activity value is decreased along with the increase of erosion degree. Comparing with the conditions of not eroded,when the erosion degree reaching to 70 cm,the activity of catalase,cellulase,β-glucosidase and urease are decreased by 69%,72%,72% and 61% respectively in the fertilization soil and decreased by 64%,76%,74% and 63% respectively in the unfertilization soil. The total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium content of fertilization and unfertilization soil are decreased with the increase of soil erosion degree and only the total potassium content is increased with the increase of erosion degree,showing a positive correlation with the degree of erosion. Thus,the function of fertilizer application to the increase of soil enzyme activity is limited due to relatively lower of fertilizing amount and shorter duration.更多还原