【摘要】 美国联邦民事起诉的事实标准历经普通法诉答、法典诉答、通知诉答和合理诉答等四个阶段的发展,通过制定法和司法判例的充实,已形成较为完整的规则体系。现行的一般标准,要求原告在起诉状中应当针对诉讼请求所依据或关联的实体法上主要事实进行较为具体的主张,并达到合理可信的程度。例外标准,要求原告在涉及欺诈、错误、特定损害赔偿以及其他实体法特别规定的情形下,必须详细陈述事实细节。我国民事起诉的事实标准尚欠缺具体化规定,可在借鉴美国经验的基础上予以完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The facts standards of the U.S federal civil complaint have experienced four stages of development:the common law pleading,the code pleading,the notice pleading,and the plausibility pleading.Through the development of statutory laws and judicial precedents,a complete system of rules has been well formed.The current general standards require the plaintiff to make more specific claims on substantive law facts based on or related to the litigation claims,and reach a level of reasonable credibility.The exception criteria requires the plaintiff to state the detailed facts in the circumstances involving fraud,errors,specific damages and other specialties asked by the substantive laws.The facts standards of civil litigation in China are still lacking in specific provisions and can be improved on the basis of learning from the American experience.更多还原