【摘要】 明清以来反复问句主要形式"VP-Neg-VP"在官话中占主导地位,而上古直至元代常用的"VP-Neg"句式却是粤语、沪语的主要表达式。随着元明以来"VP-Neg(否定词)"式中否定词的不断虚化,衍化出"麽"字是非问,这种现象在官话与沪语粤语翻译文本中体现出是非问与反复问之间的关联衍生与地域分布层次。除受共同语影响及地域特征外,粤语主要体现在句式的新旧历时替换,沪语还存在周边方言"阿VP"句式的借入渗透。更多还原

【Abstract】 By investigating similarities and differences of positive-negative interrogations in The Guide to Kuan Hua(官话指南)(including 2 editions of southern and northern Mandarin and also 4 editions of Shanghaiese and Cantonese), we focus on the different distributions of positive-negative interrogation structures in Mandarin, Shanghaiese and Cantonese in Qing Dynasty and explore the distributional characteristics of all kinds of structures and their historical strata. The major expression of positive-negative interrogations since Ming Dynasty "VP-Neg-VP" was predominant in Mandarin, while "VP+Neg", which was prevalent from ancient times to Yuan Dynasty, was the main expression in Shanghaiese and Cantonese. As the negation in "VP + Neg" became grammaticalized, the yes-no interrogation with the modal particle "me(麽)" appeared, which revealed the relevance between positive-negative interrogations and yes-no interrogations and their regional distribution in the light of the Mandarin material and Shanghaiese and Cantonese translations. Besides the influence of Mandarin and its regional characteristics, the diachronic changes in the structure were also perspicuous in Cantonese. "a(阿) + VP" from contiguous area was brought into Shanghaiese.更多还原