【摘要】 目的研究糖尿病患者对于糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的知识、态度和行为的分布特征。方法采取整群抽样的方法,抽取山西省阳城县的3个乡镇卫生院登记在册的所有糖尿病患者,用知信行问卷对糖尿病患者关于糖尿病视网膜病变的知识、态度和行为进行探索性潜在类别分析,将人群进行分类,同时,比较不同行为类别的认知类型和态度的构成情况。结果 DR认知类型分为4类:知识丰富型(10.78%)、知识一般型(37.59%)、知识缺乏型(19.88%)、知识严重缺乏型(31.76%);态度分为2类:积极态度型(40.83%),消极态度型(59.17%);行为分为2类:积极行为型(51.19%),消极行为型(49.81%)。不同DR知识类别的行为类型及不同DR态度类别的行为类型差异有统计学意义。结论对筛选出的糖尿病患者中的DR知识严重缺乏型和知识缺乏型、态度消极者、行为消极者,采取针对性的健康教育措施进行重点干预。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To determine the distribution characteristics of the knowledge, attitude, and practice(KAP) of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in patients with diabetes. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to collect all diabetic patients registered in the three township hospitals in Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province. The KAP questionnaire was used to perform an exploratory latent class analysis of the diabetic patients′ KAP to DR, and to classify the population. At the same time, the composition of knowledge and attitude in different practice categories was compared. Results The knowledge of DR was divided into 4 categories: rich knowledge of DR(10.78%), general knowledge of DR(37.59%),lacking knowledge of DR(19.88%) and extremely lacking knowledge of DR(31.76%). The attitude to DR was divided into two categories: positive attitude(40.83%) and negative attitude(59.17%). There were 2 practice categories of DR: active practice(51.19%) and negative practice(49.81%). There were statistically significant differences in the practice categories of different knowledge of DR. There were statistically significant differences in the practice categories of different attitude to DR. Conclusion Targeted health education should be specifically focused on the screened diabetic patients with lacking knowledge and extremely lacking knowledge of DR, negative attitude and negative practice更多还原