【摘要】 城市轨道交通导向标识是轨道交通建设和组织管理的关键组成部分之一,完善的导向标识系统能减少乘客的走行时间,提高出行效率,从而提升城市轨道交通车站的运营效率.本文首先以城市轨道交通系统导向标识布设需求为出发点,然后展开北京某地铁站的寻路实验,梳理了寻路过程中行人流线和行人导向标识的设置规律.结合寻路实验结果,阐述了行人导向标识设置位置、内容与寻路结果间关联.接着借助理想点法,分析距离、标识数量及识别度等因素对路径选择的影响.最后,通过灵敏度分析,阐述各因素变化对影响路径选择的影响.理论和实践结果都表明:轨道交通系统中引导标志、识别标志数量以及光线强度对乘客的路径选择影响较大,乘客通常选择导向标识多,易于观察,光线明亮的路径.以标识的种类分析,引导标识和识别标识在路径选择中使用率高;从标识位置分析,站台以及站台与通道连接处利用率高;从时间上分析,观察定位标识所需时间最长.因此,进行导向标识布设时,合理布设引导标识和识别标识的数量、位置、内容,可以合理引导客流分布,提高轨道交通车站营运组织效率,实现疏散客流的目标.更多还原

【Abstract】 Orientation signatures of urban rail transit system play an important role in construction,organization and management. Perfect signature system can reduce travel time that passengers spend in the station and improve the efficiency of the trip,as a result contributing more efficient to the rail transit station. Firstly,the demand analysis of the orientation signatures is proposed in this paper. Secondly,way-finding experiment in a station of Beijing is performed. Moreover,the passenger flow path and the rule of signature system design can be conducted. Then the relationship between the location of pedestrian orientation setting and way analysis will be obtained. Thirdly,the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution( TOPSIS) is proposed to obtain the best choice considering the factors such as the distance,the number of the signature,the number of stop to observe. Finally,the sensitivity analysis is proposed to estimate the influence of the factors on the route choice. It can be shown that the route choice can be affected by the number of navigation and identification signature,the brightness. The bright routes with more navigation and identification signatures are easy to be selected by passengers. The frequency of identifying and navigation signature used by passengers is more than other signatures. The availability of the signature on platform and the junction are higher than others. Passengers have more observation time with the position signal. Therefore,the passenger flow distribution of the rail transit system can be guided according to the reasonable signature design involved the number,the location and the content of the signals. It can be shown that the signature system can not only improve the efficiency of operating organization of rail transit station but also can be helpful to the passenger evacuation.更多还原