【摘要】 为了得出不同环境因子的土壤化学特性变化规律,通过环境因子变化判断土壤化学性质,选择栽培的药用植物。在喀斯特山区药用植物栽植地块,按不同环境取土样进行检测,用Excel软件对环境因子与化学特性变化的关系进行相关分析和方差分析,大部分土壤化学特性指标均具有中等以上变异性,除坡向、地类2个环境因子对土壤化学特性指标达不到显著性影响,p H值、As、全N、速效K、交换性Ca等化学性质基本不受环境因素影响外,海拔与土壤有机质、有效P,相对高差与重金属Ni,坡度与重金属Cd、有效态Cu,土层厚度对重金属Cd、Pb、有效态Cu、Zn,石砾含量与重金属Cd、有效态Cu,岩石裸露率与重金属Ni、Cd、有效态Cu具有显著的相关性;不同岩性对重金属Cd、有效Si、有机质、有效态Fe、有效态Mn,不同坡位对Cd、Cr、有效态Cu、交换性Mg,不同坡形对Hg、有效B、有效Si、有机质,不同土壤类型对Cd、Pb、有效态Mn、有效B、有效态Cu均有显著差异性。岩性、土壤类型、土层厚度、坡位、坡形这5个因子影响的化学元素较多,对一些元素的影响已达到极显著性,可作为药用植物栽培上进行土壤地块选择评价的主导因子。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to obtain the soil chemical characteristics of different environmental factors,so that the cultivated medicinal plants will be chosen based on soil chemical properties through the change of environmental factors,the soil samples taken from different environments were detected in the mountains of Karst medicinal plants planted plots. The correlation and variance analysis between environmental factors and chemical characteristics were analyzed by Excel software. It was found that the soil chemical characteristics index of slope direction and ground type were not significantly affected,and the chemical properties such as p H,As,total N,available K and exchangeable Ca were almost not affected by environmental factors. However,most soil chemical characteristics presented above moderate variability. Significant correlation existed between altitude and soil organic matter and available P,between relative height difference and heavy metal Ni,between slope and heavy metal Cd and effective Cu,between soil thickness and heavy metals Cd,Pb,effective Cu and Zn,between content of gravel and heavy metal Cd and effective Cu,between exposure rate of rock and heavy metal Ni,Cd and effective Cu. There were notable differences in heavy metal Cd, effective Si, organic matter, effective Fe and available Mn when lithology changed,in metals Cd,Cr,available Cu and exchangeable Mg when slope position varied,in metals Hg,available B,available Si and organic matter when slope shape differed,in Cd,Pb,available Mn,available B and available Cu when soil type changed. The five factors of lithology,soil type,soil thickness,slope position and slope shape affected more on soil chemical elements,and had reached extreme significant effects on some elements,which can be used as dominant factors in selecting and evaluating soil plots for medicinal plant cultivation.更多还原