【摘要】 目的了解三级甲等(简称"三甲")医院放射工作人员健康状况,为放射防护改进提供科学依据。方法对395名三甲医院放射工作人员的血压、内科、外科(皮肤)、眼科、心电图、腹部彩超、血常规、尿常规、肝功能、肾功能、甲状腺功能、外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变和微核试验等13项指标进行统计,按照接害工龄0~10年、11~20年及21~30年将395名放射工作人员分为A、B、C 3组,及按照性别分类,分析接害工龄与异常结果发生率的相关性。结果 395名放射工作人员的外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变和微核试验指标均正常;年度外照射剂量当量统计发现,有3名工作人员超过1 m Sv,但该3名人员健康不存在明显异常。3组眼科异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组和C组心电图异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别方面,男性与女性在血压及尿常规异常方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医用电离辐射对放射工作人员健康产生一定影响;接害工龄超过20年的放射工作人员的晶状体及心脏功能损伤率显著增高,呈累积性效应;在眼睛防护方面,需进一步采取措施保障放射工作人员安全健康。女性工作人员应特别加强肾脏功能的监护。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the health status of the staves working in the radiology department,and to provide scientific basis to improve radiation protection. Methods Choose 395 radiologic staves from the grade III A hospitals,analyzed their relevant indicators of the occupational health examination results which including 13 items,such as blood pressure,internal medicine,skin,eyes,ECG,abdominal ultrasound,blood routine examination,routine urine test,liver function,renal function,thyroid function,chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes and micronucleus test. According to the working years in the radiology department,divided the 395 workers into three groups: group A,from 0～ 10 years,group B,from 11 ～ 20 years,and group C,from 21 ～ 30 years,and then analyzed the relationships between working years in the radiology department and abnormal rate of physical examination results. Results The chromosome aberration and micronucleus test in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 395 radiators were normal. The annual external dose equivalent statistics found that there were 3 workers had exceeded 1 m Sv,but there was no obvious abnormality in the health of the 3 persons. There was statistical significant difference in the abnormal rate of eyes check in the three groups( P < 0. 05). There was statistical significant difference of abnormal rate in ECG in group A and group C( P < 0. 05). There was a significant difference between men and women in blood Pressure and urinary abnormalities( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Medical ionizing radiation has a certain effect on the health of radiological workers. The rate of the lens and cardiac function of the radiation workers who received the injury for more than 20 years was significantly higher,which showed cumulative effect. In terms of eye protection,further measures should be taken to ensure the safety and health of radiological workers. Female staff should strengthen the monitoring of renal function.更多还原