【摘要】 目的:研究10周高强度间歇运动(HIIT)与最大脂肪氧化(FATmax)强度持续运动对普通女大学生身体成分的的影响,探讨两种运动的干预效果差异。方法:30名普通女大学生被分为高强度间歇运动组(HIIT组,n=10)、最大脂肪氧化(FATmax)强度持续运动组(FATmax组,n=10)和对照组(CON组,n=10)。HIIT组和FATmax组分别以90%VO2max强度和FATmax强度完成10周的高强度间歇运动和FAT-max强度持续运动,CON组维持日常习惯行为。运动干预前后测试体重、腰围、臀围以及肱三头肌、腋下、胸部、肩胛下部、腹部、髂部、大腿前侧的皮褶厚度,采用Jackson/Pollock七点法计算体成分。结果:(1)运动干预后,HIIT组与FATmax组的BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比均低于干预前(P<0.05),CON组的腰围和腰臀比高于干预前(P<0.05),FATmax组与HIIT组的BMI下降率、腰围下降率、臀围下降率、腰臀比下降率均高于CON组(P<0.01),FATmax组与HIIT组间无差异。(2)运动干预后,CON组体重和体成分无显著变化,FATmax组和HIIT组体重、体脂率和脂肪量下降(P<0.001),瘦体重增加(P<0.01),HIIT组体脂率与脂肪量显著低于CON组(P<0.05),HIIT组脂肪量下降率和瘦体重增长率高于FATmax组(P<0.05)。(3)运动干预后,CON组7个部位皮褶厚度无显著变化,FATmax组和HIIT组7个部位皮褶厚度均显著下降(P<0.001)。运动干预前三组7个部位皮褶厚度均无显著差异,运动干预后HIIT组胸部、腋下、腹部、髂部、大腿前侧皮褶厚度均低于CON组(P<0.05),腹部皮褶厚度低于FATmax组(P<0.05)。从皮褶厚度下降率来看,HIIT组腋下、髂部、肩胛下部、大腿前侧下降率高于FATmax组(P<0.05)。结论:(1)10周高强度间歇运动和FATmax强度持续运动对体重、腰围、臀围、腰臀比均有显著改善作用,但未发现两种运动干预效果之间存在差异。(2)10周高强度间歇运动与FATmax强度持续运动对身体成分及皮下脂肪的干预都是有效的,但高强度间歇运动优于FATmax强度持续运动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of 10-week high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT)and maximum fat oxidation(FATmax)intensity training on body composition of female college students,and explore the difference between the 2 training types. Methods Thirty female college students weredivided into an HIIT, an FATmax intensity training(FATmax)and a control(CON)group, each of 10.The HIIT and FATmax groups completed a 10-week high-intensity intermittent training and FATmax intensity continuous training with 90% VO2 max and FATmax intensity respectively, while the CONgroup maintained the daily habitual behavior. The body weight, waist circumference, hip circumferenceand skinfold thickness of the triceps, midaxillary, chest, subscapular, abdomen, suprailiac and thighwere measured before and after the intervention. The body composition was evaluated using the Jackson/Pollock seven-point method. Results The body max index(BMI), waist circumference, hip circumfer-ence and waist-hip ratio(WHR)decreased significantly in HIIT and FATmax groups after the 10-weektraining(P<0.05), whereas the waist circumference and WHR of the CON group increased(P<0.05). Thedecline rate of BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and WHR of FATmax and HIIT groupswere higher than that of the CON(P<0.01), but there was no difference between the FATmax and HI-IT groups. We further noticed no change in the bodyweight and body composition of the CON group,while a significant decrease in the bodyweight, fat percentage and fat mass(P<0.001), but a signifi-cant increase(P<0.01)in the lean body mass was observed in the FATmax and HIIT groups after thetraining. Ten weeks of HIIT significantly decreased the fat percentage and fat mass of the exercisegroups compared with CON group(P<0.05), and the rate of fat loss and lean body mass gain of the HI-IT group was significantly higher than the FATmax group(P<0.05). Moreover, the exercise interventionsignificantly decreased the skinfold thickness of the FATmax and HIIT groups(P<0.001), but no chang-es in the CON group. Before the training, there was no significant difference in skinfold thicknessamong the three groups. However, after the training, the skinfold thickness of the chest, midaxillary, ab-domen, suprailiac and thigh of the HIIT group was lower than CON(P<0.05), and skinfold thickness ofabdomen in HIIT group was lower than FATmax group(P<0.05). Moreover, the decline rate of the skin-fold thickness in the midaxillary, suprailiac, subscapular and thigh of the HIIT group was higher thanthe FATmax group(P<0.05). Conclusion Both HITT and FATmax intensity continuous training of tenweeks sgnificantly improve the bodyweight, waist circumference, hip circumference and WHR withoutsignificant differences. Moreover, they both are effective in bettering the body composition and subcuta-neous fat of female college students, with HITT superior to the FATmax intensity continuous training.更多还原