【摘要】 文化对关中古代帝王陵寝选址与分布有较大的影响。通过对比分析认为对其影响的文化因素有:(1)秦汉时期为"两河夹一山""两河夹一黄土梁"或"两河夹一塬",唐代帝王陵寝选址风水理论是背山面水、坐北朝南。唐代较秦汉时期风水理论更为成熟,这也是风水理论不断发展的结果。(2)在墓园小环境选择方面,秦始皇陵首创"港湾"或"围椅"状消能环境。(3)唐代选择"依山为陵"与乾陵"女皇安卧图"是天人合一思想最生动的体现,是巧妙利用自然条件的杰作。(4)帝王的个人喜好与心理因素对陵园选址与布局也具有重要的影响。以上从不同的角度进行挖掘和整理关中古代绚烂丰富的帝王陵寝文化及其遗产资源,认识其丰富的历史价值,以便发挥其"古为今用"之效。更多还原

【Abstract】 Culture has a great influence on the distribution and location of ancient imperial mausoleums in Guanzhong. Through comparative analysis, cultural influence is mainly reflected in the following three aspects. Firstly, the imperial mausoleum distribution and location theory of geomancy in Qin and Han dynasties was"two rivers and one mountain","two rivers and one loess beam"or"two rivers and one plateau"with the orientation being in the east facing west, while that of geomancy in the Tang Dynasty was the orientation of being in the north facing south. Geomantic theory in the Tang Dynasty became more mature and scientific than that in Qin and Han dynasties, which was the result of the continuous development of geomancy theory. Secondly, in the selection of small environment in the cemetery, the mausoleum of Qinshihuang created the harbor or chair type energy dissipation environment. Thirdly, the choice of"mausoleum according to the mountain"in the Tang Dynasty and Qianling Mausoleum’s"empress reclining figure"is the most vivid embodiment of the heaven and man, which is a masterpiece through the ingenious use of natural conditions. Fourthly, royal consciousness, strict hierarchy and personal preference and psychological factors of emperors also have an important influence on the site selection and layout of the cemetery. The culture and heritage resources of the imperial mausoleums in ancient Guanzhong are excavated and sorted out above from different perspectives, to get to know its rich historical value, so as to bring into play its effect of"using the past for the present".更多还原