【摘要】 运用学前智障儿童家庭积极贡献问卷与社会支持量表,对广东、重庆、四川、辽宁、浙江5个省市204名学前智障儿童家长进行调查,以了解学前智障儿童家庭积极贡献现状及其与社会支持的关系,结果发现,学前智障儿童家庭积极贡献整体上处于较高水平,在家长文化程度、家庭收入、儿童性别、发现孩子问题时间、障碍程度、儿童健康水平上差异显著;社会支持与学前智障儿童家庭积极贡献各维度呈正相关,情绪支持能有效预测积极生活与工作、爱与责任、亲密和快乐、理性和公正、社交扩展、付出意愿、应对能力7个维度,工具支持能有效预测价值与意义、付出意愿和应对能力3个维度,讯息支持能有效预测积极生活和工作;社会支持与学前智障儿童家庭积极贡献总体呈正相关,情绪支持和工具支持能有效预测智障儿童家庭积极贡献总体水平。政府、社区和幼儿园应三方联动,建立"三位一体"的社会支持服务网络,向学前智障儿童家庭提供情绪支持、工具支持与讯息支持,增能家庭;家长要加强学习,改变观念和行为,发挥家庭的正向功能,建立自我理性支持,增进家庭积极贡献水平,提升生活质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study,based on the adapted Questionnaire of Positive Contribution of Families Having Pre-school Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Social Support Scale(Zhang Yunmei,2007),surveyed 204 parents having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities in Guangdong,Chongqing,Sichuan,Liaoning,and Zhejiang provinces to find the Status Quo of the positive contribution of families having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities and its relationship with social support. The conclusions are as follows:(1)The positive contribution of the families having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities is at a high level. There are significant differences in parents’ education,family income,children’s gender, time when children’s disability is found, the extent of disability, and children’s health;(2)Social support is positively related to the dimensions of the positive contribution of the families.The emotional support can effectively predict the seven dimensions including positive life and work,love and responsibility,intimacy and pleasure,rationality and justice,social expansion,willingness to give,and coping capacity;instrumental support can effectively predict the three dimensions such as value and significance,willingness to give,and coping capacity;information support can effectively predict positive life and work;social support is obviously positively related to the positive contribution of families having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities;emotional support and instrumental support can effectively predict the overall positive contribution of the families. Joint actions among government,communities and kindergartens,establishing a "three-in-one"social support service network,providing emotional social support, instrumental social support and informational social support to make the families having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities more powerful,and parents should strengthen their learning ability and change their attitudes and behaviors,setting up self rational support by giving full play to the families ’ positive function, increasing the positive contribution level of families having pre-school children with intellectual disabilities and improving their quality of life.更多还原