【摘要】 在经典的空间—效价一致性范式的基础上,控制向上或向下看的身体姿势及动作幅度大小,探讨身体动作趋势对空间—效价一致性效应的影响。实验1分别在屏幕上方视野或下方视野进行词汇道德效价的判断。结果表明,在屏幕的上方视野和屏幕的下方视野不道德词都出现了空间—效价一致性效应,而道德词只在下方视野出现了一致性效应。实验2将注视点居于屏幕中央,改变词在屏幕垂直位置上下的间距大小。发现在小间距条件下出现了显著的一致性效应,但是在大间距条件下一致性效应消失。综合两个实验表明,道德词的空间—效价一致性效应会同时受到概念隐喻和极性相关的影响,当身体动作极性不明显时,概念隐喻的影响较大,而身体动作极性较明显时,极性会掩盖概念隐喻的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In daily life, people often use spatial concepts to describe moral vocabulary, such as "lofty" and "base". This congruency effect of spacevalence has been confirmed in experiments, but it is unclear whether its internal mechanism is influenced by conceptual metaphor or polarity correspondence. Based on the classic space-valence congruency paradigm, this study conducted the upward and downward movement trends and their range and explored the influence of body movement trends on the congruency effect of space-morality.E-Prime 2.0 was used to write experimental procedures. In Experiment 1, thirty-two undergraduate subjects were required to judge the moral valence of vocabulary which was displayed at the top-half of the screen(the fixation points were at 12% of the vertical space, and the stimuli were randomly presented at 5% and 20%) or at the bottom-half of the screen(the fixation points were at 87% of the vertical space, and the stimuli were randomly presented at 80% and 95%).The experiment was 2(visual field: top vs. bottom) × 2(vertical position: upper vs. lower) × 2(words’ moral valence: moral vs. immoral) within-subjects design. The MANOVA analysis results of RTs showed that both the top and the bottom of the screen had the interaction between moral valence and vertical position. All the immoral vocabulary had the space-valence congruency effect, but the moral vocabulary had the effect only in the bottom-half field. The moral words were influenced by bodied polarity in the top visual field, resulting in the ceiling effect.In Experiment 2, the fixation points were placed at the center of the screen(50% of the vertical space), the vertical distance between the upper and lower vocabulary positions was changed, and another thirty-two undergraduate subjects were asked to judge the moral valence of the words. Under the large distance condition, the stimuli were randomly presented at 5% and 95% of the vertical position; under the small distance condition, the stimuli were randomly presented at 45% and 55% of the vertical position. The experiment was 2(separation distance: large vs. small) × 2(vertical position: upper vs. lower) × 2(words’ moral valence: moral vs. immoral) within-subjects design. The MANOVA analysis results of RTs showed that a significant space-valence congruency effect occurred under the small distance condition. The congruency effect was influenced by conceptual metaphor. However, only the main effect of vertical position and moral valence appeared under the large distance condition. There was no interaction between moral valence and vertical position, and the congruency effect disappears. The lexical response was completely controlled by polarity correspondence.The two experiments’ results infer that the body movement trend(raise or lower head) leads to polarity but does not change the space-valance congruency effect of moral words. The extent of the body movement affects the space-valance congruency effect of the moral words which only happens when the body movement is small. Large distance body movement makes the congruency effect disappear. The space-valance congruency effect of moral words comes from the combined effects of conceptual metaphor and polarity correspondence. The polarities of body movement, vertical position, and valance have effects on the connection of conceptual metaphors.更多还原