【摘要】 目的掌握疫苗预防接种后发生发热的时间分布情况,为及时处理儿童预防接种后可能发生的异常发热反应提供依据并指导。方法系统整理济南市2014~2015年的预防接种资料和临床诊断为发热的个案数据进行生存分析。结果 2014~2015年全市共报告疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)1501例,接种的各疫苗均能出现发热反应,麻疹疫苗最易发热(96.23%),卡介苗发热率最低(27.27%)。通过对不同疫苗的发热反应发生曲线做假设检验,各疫苗之间从接种到发生发热反应时间间隔的分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);类似疫苗进行归类后并做Breslow检验,进一步揭示了百白破和脊灰系列疫苗具有最短的半数发热时间,平均6天,95%可信区间为(4.11,7.89)天,与其它疫苗的发热时间分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论接种麻疹疫苗后发生发热不良反应的发生率最高,卡介苗的发热率最低。百白破和脊髓灰质炎系列疫苗相对于其它疫苗具有更短的半数发热时间,可为及时有效的预防接种该类疫苗后出现的发热不良反应提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To grasp the time of occurrence of adverse reactions after vaccination and provide guidance for the possible abnormal reactions that may occur after vaccination.Methods All cases of vaccination data and clinical diagnosis of fever were collected through AEFI information immunization from 2014 to 2015 in Jinan and carried out statistical analysis.Results All the vaccines were given a fever response,with measles vaccine(96.23%)and BCG fever(27.27%).Based on the hypothesis testing of the occurrence curve of the febrile reaction of different vaccines,the distribution difference between the vaccines from inoculation to the occurrence of febrile reaction time was statistically significant(P< 0.05).A similar vaccine was used to classify and do the Breslow test,which further revealed that there was a statistically significant difference(χ~2= 112.119,P<0.01)between the bleach and polio vaccine and the other fever.Conclusion The incidence of fever adverse events was the highest after vaccination with measles vaccine,and the fever rate of BCG was the lowest,which can provide reference for timely and effective prevention of fever adverse reactions after vaccination.更多还原