【摘要】 运动员的求职离不开其构筑的社会网络中所蕴含的社会关系和社会资源。基于社会网络和社会资本的理论和方法,以陕西省专业运动员为调查对象,探索了运动员求职网络结构的整体特征和人口性特征。结果发现:从整体来看,运动员个体拥有的社会资本较低,能够求助的社会网络成员拥有的社会资本也较低,具体表现为:运动员求职网络规模较小,运动员求职网顶端较高,但是个体差异较大;运动员主要依赖强关系进行求职,与社会精英群体距离遥远。在人口特征分布上,比起其他运动员,弱势运动员更倾向于去动用社会关系、借助社会资源,因而拥有质量相对较高的网络成员。最后建议构建以"政府—运动队—社会—家庭—运动员个人"的多维度多层次的联动社会支持系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 The athletes’ employment relies on the social relations and social resources of their social network.Based on the theory and method of social capital,with a survey of the athletes in Shaanxi Province,the paper analyzed the structural characteristics of the athletes’ employment support network.The results showed that the athletes owed low social capital and the social network members they could rely on also owed low social capital.They depended mostly on strong relations for employment.They rarely could depend on the social elites.There were individual differences in employment.Disadvantaged athletes were more likely to use social relationship and social resources,so they had more network members.To solve problems,an effective multi-level social support system supported by"government-sports team-society-family-athletes"was constructed.更多还原