【摘要】 目的测定方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种对达乌尔黄鼠、长爪沙鼠、猫和狗的选择行为,了解自制嗅觉仪进行气味选择性研究的可能性和探究方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种对不同宿主动物的特异性选择。方法以方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种为试虫,用Y型嗅觉仪和自制嗅觉仪测定在5、10、15、20 min对达乌尔黄鼠、长爪沙鼠、猫、狗的气味选择性。结果用自制嗅觉仪和Y型嗅觉仪对4种动物(沙鼠、黄鼠、家猫和家狗)的选择性进行两两比较,说明方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种对长爪沙鼠和狗的选择性差异无统计学意义(自制嗅觉仪χ~2=0.991 6,P=0.319 3,Y型嗅觉仪χ~2=0.101 4,P=0.750 1),对其他宿主动物的选择性差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),自制嗅觉仪与Y型嗅觉仪的测试结果均一致;在5 min时,方形黄鼠蚤对黄鼠、沙鼠、猫、狗的选择系数分别为0、0.15、0.70、0.24,即喜好顺序为达乌尔黄鼠>长爪沙鼠>狗>猫。在10、15、20 min,4种宿主动物对方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种的选择性差异亦均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论自制嗅觉仪可用于测定宿主气味选择性研究,在鼠疫自然疫源地,进行主要宿主动物的监测同时,应特别重视非宿主动物的监测工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the possibility of using self-made olfactometer in odor selection research,and explore odor preference of Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus to different animal hosts.Methods Type Y olfactometer(olf Y) and self-made olfactometer(olf S) were used to measure its odor preference to Citellus dauricus,Meriones nuguiclatus,cat,and dog in 5,10,15,and 20 min.Results In 20 min,the preference of Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus to Citellus dauricus and dogs did not differ significantly(olf Y χ~2= 0.101 4,P = 0.750 1,olf S χ~2= 0.991 6,P= 0.319 3),while the differences of its selectivity to other animals were markedly(P < 0.05).There was a consistency between the results of olf Y and olf S.In 5 min,the preference coefficients of Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus of Citellus dauricus,Meriones nuguiclatus,cats and dogs were 0,0.15,0.70,0.24,showing the preference order as Citellus dauricus,Meriones nuguiclatus,dog,cat.In 10,15,20 min,selective difference between four kinds of host animal of C.tesquorum mongolia subspecies were also statistically significant(P < 0.01).Conclusion Olfactometer olf S could be used in study of host odor preference.In plague natural epidemic foci,when monitoring main host animals,a special attention should be paid on monitoring non-host animals.更多还原