【摘要】 严重的面颈部烧伤后软组织瘢痕不仅影响患者的外形甚至会限制肩颈部活动,同时也给患者带来巨大的心里压力。如果影响到颈阔肌功能还会导致咀嚼、语言功能受损,下唇与颈胸部粘连,鼻孔阻塞呼吸困难等情况。手术修复一般应等瘢痕充分消退软化、成熟稳定后进行。通常在创面9个月至1年后。常用的方法有:局部瘢痕切除整形术、皮片移植术、随意及轴型皮瓣修复术、管状皮瓣整复术等,应根据畸形特点和局部条件选择手术修复方法^[1-3]。临床上应用局部皮瓣转移或者邻位扩张皮瓣修复效果最佳。但病变或缺损局部皮肤不足时需要扩张皮瓣对缺损进行重建修复。本文针对扩张的轴型皮瓣修复面颈部瘢痕的基础研究进展及临床应用情况做一综述,为临床上面颈部烧伤瘢痕的修复治疗提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soft tissue cicatrices caused by severe face and neck burn not only affect appearance of patients, but even restrict activities of shoulder and neck, and bring great psychological pressure to patients. If function of latissimus cervix is affected, there might be damage of mastication, language function, adhesion of lower lip to neck and chest, obstruction of nostrils and breathing difficulty. In general, surgical repair should be carried out after disappearance, softening, maturity and stability of cicatrices, usually 9 months to 1 year after wound. Commonly used methods include local scar resection and and reshaping, skin grafting, random and axial skin flap repair, and tubular skin flap reconstruction and etc. We should choose operative repair method according to characteristics of abnormality and local conditions ^[1-3]. Clinically, local flap transfer and adjacent dilated flap has the best repair effect. When lesion or defect is not enough, it is necessary to expand skin flap to reconstruct defecting area. The article reviews basic research progress and clinical application of expanded axial skin flap to repair face and neck cicatrices, to provide reference for repair and treatment of upper neck burn cicatrices.更多还原