【摘要】 海岸前沿草带是沙质海岸防风、固沙的重要生态屏障,研究其物种的生理生态特性,可为沙质海岸前沿草带植被的恢复及保护提供科学依据。通过元素分析、热值测定和生物量建成成本计算,对烟台海岸前沿草带4种草本植物砂引草（Messerschmidia sibirica L.）、筛草（Carex kobomugi Ohwi）、肾叶打碗花（Calystegia soldanella（L.）R.Br.）和狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon（L.）Pers.）的物质和能量利用策略进行分析研究,以评估海岸前沿恶劣环境下不同草本植物的生长潜力和适应能力。结果表明,在试验的4个物种中,狗牙根和砂引草的叶片碳质量分数分别为48.82%和47.38%,显著高于筛草（42.66%）和肾叶打碗花（44.96%）;叶片灰分质量分数是砂引草（17.11%）显著高于肾叶打碗花（13.28%）且两者均显著高于筛草（8.88%）和狗牙根（8.32%）;比叶面积(m²·kg^-1)相互之间差异显著,且狗牙根（18.00）>肾叶打碗花（16.45）>砂引草（12.17）>筛草（9.00）,说明狗牙根光合能力最强,砂引草和肾叶打碗花具有较强的耐盐能力,筛草则是叶片寿命长、抗逆性强。叶片热值(k J·g^-1)是砂引草（17.33）和筛草（17.04）显著高于肾叶打碗花（16.73）和狗牙根（16.08）;叶片单位面积建成成本(g·m^-2)表现为筛草（144.18）最高,砂引草（111.53）次之,肾叶打碗花（79.11）第三,狗牙根（68.12）最低,单位质量建成成本的变化趋势相同,表明狗牙根生长快、扩张性最强,但抗逆性稍差;筛草则是抗性最强,但扩张性相对较弱。综合分析可见,在试验的4个草本植物中,抗逆性由高到低为筛草、砂引草、肾叶打碗花和狗牙根,扩张性则相反。更多还原

【Abstract】 The grass belt of sandy coastal frontier is an important ecological barrier for wind protection and sand fixing. In this study, the material and energy utilization strategies of 4 species, the Carex kobomugi Ohwi, Cynodon dactylon（L.） Pers., Calystegia soldanella（L.） R. Br. and Messerschmidia sibirica L., all grown in the coastal frontier areas of Yantai were investigated and analyzed to evaluate the growth potential and adaptability of different herbaceous plants under the adverse environment of the coastal frontier, in terms of the physiological and ecological characteristics, element analysis, calorific determination and accounting of biomass construction cost of the 4 species. The results showed that the carbon content of the leaves of M. sibirica and C. dactylon was 47.38% and 48.82% respectively, significantly higher than that of C. kobomugi（42.66%） and C. soldanella（44.96%）. The ash content of leaves of M. sibirica was 17.11%, significantly higher than that of C. soldanella（13.28%）, and both of them were significantly higher than those of C. kobomugi（8.88%） and C. dactylon（8.32%）. The specific leaf area of the 4 species were significantly different from each other, the order from high to low was: C. dactylon(18.00 m²·kg^-1), C. soldanella(16.45 m²·kg^-1), M. sibirica(12.17 m²·kg^-1) and C. kobomugi(9.00 m²·kg^-1). These indicated that C. dactylon has the strongest photosynthetic capacity, M. sibirica and C. soldanella have stronger salt-tolerance, C. kobomugi has longer leaf longevity and stronger resistance. The measuring results of gross calorific value（GCV） showed that the GCV of leaves of M. sibirica and C. kobomugi was 17.33 and 17.04 k J·g^-1 respectively, significantly higher than that of C. soldanella(16.73 k J·g^-1) and C. dactylon(16.08 k J·g^-1). The construction cost per unit leaf area basis of the 4 species was respectively 144.18 g·m^-2（C. kobomugi）, 111.53 g·m^-2（M. sibirica）, 79.11 g·m^-2（C. soldanella） and 68.12 g·m^-2（C. dactylon）, and the difference between the species was a significant. The changes in the construction cost per unit mass basis showed a similar trend. These results suggested that C. dactylon grows fastest with the highest competitiveness, but the resistance is slightly lower; C. kobomugi shows the strongest resistance, but the growth competitiveness is relatively low; the growth potential and stress resistance of M. sibirica and C. soldanella are in between C. dactylon and C. kobomugi. The comprehensive analysis of all indicators showed that, among the 4 herb species, the order of stress resistance from high to low was C. kobomugi, M. sibirica, C. soldanella and C. dactylon, the order of growth competitiveness was the opposite.更多还原