【摘要】 以自然富硒土壤为试材,采用盆栽试验,探讨了轻干湿交替、重干湿交替、正常管理和淹水状态下的土壤硒形态及水稻硒积累。结果表明:籽粒产量以轻干湿交替处理最高,比淹水处理高22.17%,二者差异显著。所有处理水稻不同部位的含硒量均表现为根(0.411~0.695mg/kg)>茎(0.214~0.378mg/kg)>叶(0.187~0.327mg/kg)>谷壳(0.156~0.235mg/kg)>籽粒(0.132~0.185mg/kg)。籽粒含硒量和土壤可溶态硒含量以重干湿交替处理最高,淹水处理最低,其中二者含硒量差异也达显著水平。土壤有效硒含量与水稻根、茎叶、谷壳和籽粒中硒含量均呈现显著或极显著正相关(0.939**,0.896**,0.793**,0.723*)。水稻根的硒吸收系数也以重干湿交替处理最高(0.438),淹水处理最低(0.259),表明干湿交替提高了水稻硒吸收能力。综合分析得出,干湿交替灌溉不但能提高水稻产量,还能提高稻米硒含量,且比正常管理节约用水,整体表现以轻干湿交替处理为最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pot experiments with selenium-enriched soil were conducted to investigate the effects of moisture condition on selenium forms in soil and selenium accumulation in rice.The treatments included alternation of wetting and moderate drying(AWMD),alternation of wetting and severe drying(AWSD),conventional(C)and flooding(F)water management.The results showed that the rice grain yield was the highest in the AWMD treatment,22.17% higher than that of the F treatment,and the difference between these two treatments was significant.The selenium contents in different parts of rice were in the order of root(0.411~0.695 mg/kg)> stem(0.214~0.378 mg/kg)>leaf(0.187~0.327 mg/kg)> shell(0.156~0.235 mg/kg)> grain(0.132~0.185 mg/kg)in all treatments.The selenium contents of grain and available selenium contents in soil both were the highest in the AWSD treatment,and the lowest in the F treatment,and the selenium contents of grain was significantly different between the two treatments.Significant or extremely significant positive correlations were found between the available selenium contents in soil and selenium contents in roots,stem,shell and grain of rice.The correlation coefficients were 0.939**,0.896**,0.793**and 0.723*,respectively.The selenium absorption coefficient in rice root was the highest in the AWSD treatment(0.438),and the lowest in F treatment(0.259),indicating that the dry and wet alternation enhanced selenium absorption capacity of rice.In summary,wetting and drying alternated irrigation could not only improve rice yield,but also increase selenium absorption of rice,and this kind of irrigation saved water than normal management.The overall performance of the AWMD treatment was the best.更多还原