【摘要】 浑河作为辽宁省水资源最丰富的内河,是辽宁省大伙房水库的重要水源地。为研究浑河源头水源涵养林枯落物持水能力,选取5个样地（3个覆盖密度不同的红松林地、落叶松林地、混交林地）作为研究对象,采用室内浸水法研究枯落物持水量及吸水过程。结果表明:5个样地中红松3个样地的枯落物厚度、蓄积量均表现出高密度红松林>中密度红松林>低密度红松林,枯落物厚度为4.00～8.33cm,总蓄积量为12.92～41.46t·hm^-2;各林分样地枯落物总蓄积量大小依次为落叶松(41.46t·hm^-2)>高密度红松林(30.24t·hm^-2)>中密度红松林(22.57t·hm^-2)>混交林(22.53t·hm^-2)>低密度红松林(12.92t·hm^-2),落叶松枯落物层蓄积量显著大于低密度红松枯落物层蓄积量（p<0.05）;各林分枯落物的最大持水率排序是高密度红松林（517.33%）>中密度红松林（488.81%）>混交林（488.14%）>低密度红松林（391.66%）>落叶松（360.62%）,高密度红松林枯落物最大持水率显著大于落叶松枯落物最大持水率（p<0.05）;各林分枯落物层最大持水量大小为落叶松(73.63t·hm^-2)>高密度红松林(71.63t·hm^-2)>中密度红松林(54.29t·hm^-2)>混交林(54.25t·hm^-2)>低密度红松林(25.06t·hm^-2);枯落物未分解层和分解层有效拦蓄率范围分别为98.1%～219.9%、48.3%～168.7%,其有效拦蓄水量范围分别为4.68～55.12t·hm^-2和3.69～12.84t·hm^-2。5个样地的枯落物最大持水量为1597.34～3351.33g·kg^-1,有效拦蓄量为14.07～67.96t·hm^-2,以落叶松林地最大,说明落叶松林地枯落物涵养水源的能力强于其余4种样地枯落物;枯落物在0～1h吸水速率达到峰值,1～4h吸水速率迅速下降,随后趋于稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hun River, the most abundant water resources in Liaoning Province, is an important water source of Dahuofang reservoir. In order to study the water holding capacity of water source conservation forests in Hun River, five plots（3 Korean pine forest land plots, a dahurian larch land plot and 1 mingled forest land plot） were selected as the research object. The water holding capacity of litter and the process of water absorption were studied in laboratory. The results showed that thickness and volume of the litter in 3 Korean pine forest land plots were high density > medium density > low density, and litter thickness was between 4.00-8.33 cm and the total storage capacity was 12.92-41.46 t·hm^-2. The storage of litter under different stands was high density Korean pine forest(30.24 t·hm^-2)>medium density Korean pine forest(22.57 t·hm^-2)> low density Korean pine forest(12.92 t·hm^-2)> dahurian larch(41.46 t·hm^-2)>mingled forest(22.53 t·hm^-2). Litter volume of larch was significantly higher than that of low density Pinus koraiensis litter layer（p<0.05）. The effective interception rate of litter under different stands was high density Korean pine forest（517.33%）> medium density Korean pine forest（488.81%）> mingled forest（488.14%）> low density Korean pine forest（391.66%）> dahurian larch（360.62%）. The maximum water holding rate of litter in high density Korean pine forest was significantly higher than that in larch forest（p<0.05）. The capacity interception rate of litter under different stands was dahurian larch(73.63 t·hm^-2)> high density Korean pine forest(71.63 t·hm^-2)> medium density Korean pine forest(54.29 t·hm^-2)>mingled forest(54.25 t·hm^-2) > low density Korean pine forest(25.06 t·hm^-2). The effective interception rate of decomposition and undecomposed layer litter under different stands was 98.1%-219.9% and 48.3%-168.7%, and the effective water storage capacity was 4.68-55.12 t·hm^-2 and 3.69-12.84 t·hm^-2. The maximum water holding capacity of litter was 335.33-1597.34 g·kg^-1 and effective storage capacity was 14.07-67.96 t·hm^-2. The capacity of dahurian larch land was stronger than other 4 kinds. The water absorption rate of litter reached its peak at 0-1 h, then decreased rapidly, and tends to stability.更多还原