【摘要】 为探究不同秸秆还田量对温室番茄地温的影响,实现不同土壤深度地温数值模拟,在灌水下限为田间持水量50%的情况下,秸秆量设置为1.5×10⁴,3.0×10⁴和4.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2,利用无线土壤墒情监测系统对番茄生长过程中距垄台表面深度为15,30和45cm处地温动态变化进行实时监测。连续使用移动平均法对数据进行季节调整,改进趋势估计,建立时间序列模型,对地温进行数值模拟。结果表明:不同深埋秸秆量在不同土壤深度处的地温实测值与模拟值最小误差均为0℃,深埋秸秆量为1.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2,深度为15,30和45cm处地温实测值与模拟值最大误差分别为0.52,0.19和0.10℃;深埋秸秆量为3.0×10⁴kg·hm^-2,深度为15,30和45cm处地温实测值与模拟值最大误差分别为0.65,0.21和0.12℃;深埋秸秆量为4.5×10⁴kg·hm^-2,深度为15,30和45cm处地温实测值与模拟值最大误差分别为0.43,0.20和0.09℃。不同深埋秸秆量、不同土壤深度的地温数值模拟效果均较好。温室番茄生育期内,距垄台表面越深,地温数值模拟效果越好,模型的适用性越强。基于时间序列分析的秸秆深还温室番茄地温数值模拟方法可以为温室地温调控、温室环境自动控制提供较为精准的科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 A greenhouse plot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of different amount of straw and the soil depth to the soil temperature and to achieved the numerical simulation of soil temperature of tomato field in greenhouse. The amount of straw was 1.5 ×10⁴, 3.0 ×10⁴ and 4.5 ×10⁴ kg·hm^-2, respectively, and the lower limit of irrigation was 50% field water holding capacity. A wireless soil moisture monitoring system was used to supervise the real-time change of soil temperature at the depths of 15, 30 and 45 cm from the platform during the growth period of tomato.The moving average method was used to adjust the seasonal data to improve the trend estimation. The time series model was established to simulate the soil temperature. The results showed that the minimum error between measured ground temperature and simulated data was 0 ℃ at different soil depths for different straw amounts. When the deeply buried straw amount was 1.5 ×104 kg·hm^-2 at the depths of 15, 30 and 45 cm, the maximum errors were 0.52 ℃, 0.19 ℃ and 0.10℃, respectively. When the deeply buried straw amount was 3.0 ×104 kg·hm^-2 at the depths of 15, 30 and 45 cm, the maximum errors were 0.65 ℃, 0.21 ℃ and 0.12 ℃, respectively. When the deeply buried straw amount was 4.5×104 kg·hm^-2 at the depths of 15, 30 and 45 cm, the maximum errors were 0.43 ℃, 0.20 ℃ and 0.09 ℃,respectively. It was clear that the favorable simulation effects of soil temperature were obtained under different amounts of straw and the soil depths. With the increasing of the depth from platform surface under different amounts of deeply buried straw, the effect of the soil temperature simulation was better and the applicability of the model was stronger. The simulation method could provide scientific basis for the control of soil temperature and environment in greenhouse.更多还原