【摘要】 自1879年今义的"共和"进入汉语世界,到戊戌变法失败之前,中国人"共和"的观念只是零星和片断的,所指能指因人而异。与通常认为梁启超反对"共和"的认识相反,今义"共和"学说以及相关观念的引进,共和思潮的初步涌现并产生广泛影响,正是由于流亡海外的梁启超等人不顾康有为的高压,以《清议报》和《新民丛报》为依托,进行坚持不懈的宣传的结果。可是,正当共和思潮勃发之际,中国新党和海外华人内斗的现实、美洲共和制各国的弊病、列强争霸的大势以及重新解读相关学理等因素交相作用,从新大陆东归的梁启超却宣布告别共和,一步退至开明专制。梁启超虽然失去共和先驱的历史地位,但其对于青年的鼓动激励仍然令人难以忘怀。更多还原

【Abstract】 The word"republicanism "with its current mearning was adopted into Chinese language since the year 1879,yet till the failure of the 1898 Reform,Chinese only had fragmentary and incoherent knowledge about republicanism,individuals had their own thinking and usage about republicanism.Contrary to the viewpoint that Liang Qichao was opposed to republicanism,introduction of republicanism and its related ideas into China,emergence of republican ideological trend and its ensued impact in China,are largely owing to Liang Qichao’s efforts.As a refugee in foreign countries,regardless of high pressure from Kang Youwei,relying on The China Discussion and Xinmin Congbao Liang Qichao persisted in propagandizing republicanism.Yet impacted by the inner fight of his New Party and oversea Chinese,malpractices of the American countries,the Powers’ striving for hegemony,he changed his mind about republicanism.At a time republicanism was blooming in China,when he returned to China,he declared giving up republic proposal and retreated to enlightened despotism position.He lost the position of republican pioneer,yet he still made efforts to encouraging the young Chinese.更多还原