【摘要】 运用额尔齐斯河流域内3个典型区域内的遥感影像,并结合气候数据,分析探究了研究区内MOD系统的变化特征及其对气候变化和人类活动的响应。结果表明:(1)研究区气候整体变得暖湿,水热状况趋于良性发展,但温度和降水并不协同变化,各个子系统之间存在很大差异。(2)受人类活动的影响,1999年是研究区景观格局的转折点,景观结构、斑块形状和数量都在一定程度上有所增加。(3)研究区内MOD各个子系统都有其明显特征:山地系统受人类活动影响较小,受气候变化的影响较大,1979年以来,水体和裸地面积略有增加,自然植被面积有所减少,而耕地面积先增加后减少;绿洲系统受气候和人类活动共同的影响较大,天然植被面积自1999年后降低,而耕地面积大幅增加,人类耕作对该区土地利用变化的影响十分明显;荒漠系统增湿率在3个区域最高,但结构单一,区内盐碱化较严重,受绿洲扩张影响,荒地面积自1979年以来显著减少。更多还原

【Abstract】 Remote sensing images of 3 typical regions in the Irtysh River basin and the related weather data were used to investigate the variation characteristic of mountain-oasis-desert(MOD)system and its response to climate change and human activities.The results show that:(1)the whole study area has becoming warm and humid,and the water-heat conditions tend to be more healthy development,but the changes of temperature and precipitation are not synergy,and great differences exist among subsystems;(2)affected by human activities,the year of 1999 was the turning point of landscape pattern in the study area,landscape structure,patch shape and quantity increased to some extent in this year;(3)each subsystem has distinctive characteristics:the mountain subsystem is less affected by human activities,mainly affected by climate change,after1979,the water and bear land areas slight increased,nature vegetation decreased and cultivated land increased first and then decreased;the oasis subsystem is both affected by climate and human activities greatly,the nature vegetation area has decreased since 1999,while cultivated land area has increased greatly,which showed that human cultivation obviously changed the land type in this region;the desert subsystem has the highest humidifying rate,but its structure is simple,salinization is severe,wasteland area has shrinked remarkably since 1979 due to the influence of oasis expansion.更多还原