【摘要】 目的探索上海市浦东新区居民轻度认知障碍健康教育干预模式。方法于2014年3月—2016年10月分2次在上海市浦东新区21家社区定点采用自制统一问卷,进行无记名调查,宣传干预前调查6 091人,干预后调查5 346人。构建点、线结合的基于居民需求的健康教育模式,干预时间为半年,每2周进行1次不同形式的健康教育。调查问卷在健康教育干预前、半年干预结束后1个月内进行。记录并比较干预前和干预后轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率,以及不同性别、文化程度、年龄段人群轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率。结果经过健康教育干预后,痴呆概念、轻度认知障碍表现、痴呆病因的知晓率均显著高于干预前(P值均<0.01),认知概念、轻度认知障碍危险因素、轻度认知障碍概念、预防轻度认知障碍原则的知晓率均显著低于干预前(P值均<0.01)。干预后轻度认知障碍知识的总知晓率为(65.18±18.73)%,显著高于干预前的(49.82±13.21)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经过健康教育干预后,男性和女性的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率,文化程度为小学、初中、高中者的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率,25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁、≥65岁人群的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率均显著高于干预前(P值均<0.05)。干预后女性的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率显著高于男性(P<0.01),文化程度为小学者的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率显著高于初中、高中、大学及以上者(P值均<0.01),≥65岁人群的轻度认知障碍知识的知晓率显著高于≤24岁、25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁人群(P值均<0.01)。结论建立多层次的健康教育模式,采取综合干预是提高人群轻度认知障碍知识的有效手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the mode of health education on knowledge of mild cognitive impairment in residents in Shanghai Pudong New District.Methods Bearer questionnaire survey was performed in the residents from 21 communities in Shanghai Pudong new area between March of 2014 and October 2016.A total of 6 091 participants and 5 346 participants finished questionnaires before and after health education on knowledge of mild cognitive impairment,respectively.The health education was constructed on the basis of the need of residents.Various kinds of education and intervention were carried out every two weeks for half a year.We recorded and compared the knowledge of mild cognitive impairment,and the awareness rate of the knowledge of mild cognitive impairment in participants with different genders,education levels and age groups before and after intervention.Results After health education,the awareness rates of the concept of dementia,manifestations of mild cognitive impairment and causes of dementia were significantly increased(all P<0.01),while the awareness rates of the cognitive concept,risk factors for mild cognitive impairment,concept of mild cognitive impairment and the principle of prevention were significantly decreased(all P<0.01).The total awareness rate of the knowledge of mild cognitive impairment after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention(65.18% ±18.73% vs.49.82%±13.21%,P<0.01).The awareness rate of knowledge of mild cognitive impairment was significantly increased after health education in both men and women,in people with different education levels(elementary school,junior high school and senior high school)and age groups(25-34,35-44,45-54,55-64 and≥65 years old,all P <0.05).After health education,women’s awareness rate of knowledge of mild cognitive impairment was significantly higher than that of men’s(P<0.01).The awareness rate of participants with education level of elementary school was significantly higher than those with junior high school,senior high school and university(all P<0.01).The awareness rate of participants older than 65 years old was significantly higher than those aged 25-34,35-44,45-54 and 55-64 years(all P<0.01).Conclusion Multi-level health education modes and comprehensive intervention are effective ways to improve the awareness of knowledge of mild cognitive impairment in general population.更多还原