【摘要】 近地轨道空间碎片环境日益恶劣,随着航天器规模、暴露面积增大、在轨寿命变长, M/OD撞击作用下航天器及航天员生存力问题愈加突出,我国在该方面研究还处于起步研究阶段(用航天器临界穿孔作为失效准则);文章对美国国家航空航天局(NASA)载人航天器人员生存能力评估软件(MSCSurv)框架结构、各功能模块设计进行介绍,综述了该评估系统对多种失效模式下载人航天器系统及航生存力评估方法、对系统研制及工作模式设计的指导意义,对于我国未来M/OD环境下(载人)航天器及航天员在轨安全性/生存力评估系统设计开发具有参考与借鉴价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Orbit-Debris environment in near Earth orbit is increasingly hazardous, with the scale, exposure area of spacecraft greater and life on orbit longer, the problem of spacecraft and astronaut’s survivability following M/OD impact become more and more prominent. This paper introduces the frame and functional module of MSCSurv developed by NASA, summarizes the assessment method of MSCSurv for multiple failure models, the servicing effect for manned space system development and operation models design by MSCSurv. MSCSurv gives an important reference and lesson to the development of china?s spacecraft and crew survivability and security assess system.更多还原