【摘要】 目的调查北京市朝阳区公交车站引导员职业危害因素,为职业防护提供参考。方法对朝阳区公交车站引导员的基本情况进行问卷调查;选取设有引导员岗位的公交车站进行随机抽样,依据国家标准方法对主要职业危害因素粉尘、CO、NO、NO₂、Pb、Cd、Ni和Cr等进行采样和检测,并以附近某公园作为对照,以职业卫生国家标准、环境空气质量标准等为参照,分析其职业危害因素的水平和特点。结果共调查引导员135人,女性占63%,年龄50岁以上119人,工作年限5年以上者53人,20人所在单位未配备防护用品,占14.8%,配备有防护用品者不经常使用或佩戴者占65.9%;现场职业危害因素检测粉尘、CO、NO、NO₂、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr均未超过国家职业卫生标准（GBZ2.1-2007）和环境空气质量标准（GB3095-2012）,但明显高于对照组,将公交站按位置分类比较,在南北方位、主辅路间均无差别。环线之间进行比较,CO浓度三环内高于四环内,NO浓度三环内高于五环内。结论朝阳区公交车站引导员职业危害因素水平较低,但防护意识和防护措施仍有待加强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the occupational hazards factors and the relative information of bus station guides in Chaoyang district of Beijing,so as to provide the basis for occupational protection. Methods A questionnaire for basic information was given to the bus station guides in Chaoyang district. Bus stations with the guides were selected randomly. The samples of main occupational factors,includes dust,CO,NO,NO₂,Pb,Cd,Ni and C were collected according to the national standard method. The nearby was used as the control site. The level and characters of occupational hazard factors were analyzed with the reference of national standards of occupational health and the environmental air quality. Results A totoal of 135 bus station guides were surveyed,63% of them were females and 119 were over the age of 50. Fifty-three guides have been working on the position for over 5 years. Employers of 20 guides provided no protective equipment,accounting for 14. 8%. The guides who had but seldom used personal protection equipment accounted for 65. 9% of the subjects. The level of dust,CO,NO,NO₂,Pb,Cd,Ni and Cr did not exceed national standard of occupation health（ GBZ2. 1-2007） and environmental air quality（ GB3095-2012）,but the result were significantly higher than the control. There was no significant disparity between stations in the north and south,or on main roads and on side roads. The level of CO within the third ring road was higher than that within the fourth ring road,and the level of NO within the third ring road was higher than that within the fifth ring road.Conclusion The occupational hazards of bus station guides in Chaoyang district was in low level,but the implementing measures should be strengthened.更多还原