【摘要】 【目的】在河西绿洲灌区对以大豆为基础的间套作系统进行经济效益评价,筛选出高经济效益的种植模式。【方法】利用单因素随机区组设计,分析了玉米-大豆间作(IMS)、小麦/大豆套作(IWS)、亚麻/大豆套作(IFS)、大豆单作(SS)4种模式对大豆农艺性状、干物质积累、产量及系统经济效益的影响。【结果】与SS相比,IMS的大豆株高和首节长在成熟(R8)期增加11.1%、31.1%,叶面积指数在盛花(R2)期和盛荚(R4)期降低49.5%、54.6%,叶片SPAD值在盛荚(R4)期增加9.7%;IWS和IFS的大豆各项农艺性状指标均降低。大豆R8期,IMS、IWS和IFS的大豆地上部干物质较SS分别降低26.2%、45.9%、48.7%,产量较SS分别降低51.5%、56.8%、57.4%。系统最终纯收益为:IMS>IFS>IWS>SS,依次分别为129.6、86.5、67.2和39.6万元/km2。【结论】不同间套作模式对大豆植株农艺性状和干物质积累产生不利影响,导致间套作大豆产量降低;IMS大豆产量降低程度小于IWS和IFS,有利于系统经济效益的提升;4种间套作模式中,IMS的经济效益最高。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】To screen the planting pattern of high economic benefits, the economic benefit of soybean-based intercropping system was evaluated in Hexi oasis irrigation area.【Method】The effects of four patterns of maize-soybean intercropping(IMS), wheat/soybean intercropping(IWS), Flax/soybean intercropping(IFS) and soybean sole cropping(SS) on the agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, yield of soybean and system economic benefits were analyzed by single factor random block design.【Result】Compared with SS, the soybean plant height and head node length of IMS was increased by 11.1% and31.1% at the full maturity(R8), the leaf area index was decreased by 49.5% and 54.6% at the full bloom(R2) and pod(R4) stage, and the leaf SPAD value was increased by 9.7% at R4 stage, and the indexes of various agronomic traits of IWS and IFS were decreased. At the full maturity of soybean(R8), the dry matter in the upper ground of IMS, IWS and IFS were decreased by 26.2%, 45.9%, and 48.7%, and the yield was decreased by 51.5%, 56.8%, and 57.4% compared with SS, respectively. The final income of the system was IMS > IFS > IWS>SS, followed by RMB 1 296 000, 865 000, 672 000, and 396 000 ,respectively.【Conclusion】Different intercropping patterns had adverse effects on agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation of soybean plants,resulting in reduced yield of intercropping soybean.The decrease of soybean yield in IMS was less than that of IWS and IFS,which was conducive to the improvement of the economic efficiency of the system.In the four patterns,IMS had the highest economic benefit.更多还原