【摘要】 随着机动车保有量的迅速增加,成都市由机动车排放造成的污染也日益受到关注。基于COPERT 4模型,通过对机动车车辆构成、行驶工况、环境温度、油品质量等基础数据的调研,计算了成都市机动车尾气的排放因子并获得了成都市机动车几种主要污染物的排放总量。结果表明,2014年成都市机动车CO、NO_X、VOC和PM的排放总量分别为18.01万t、6.65万t、3.16万t和0.13万t。通过对成都市机动车的排放特征进行分析,发现以汽油为主要燃料的摩托车和小型客车是CO和VOC的主要贡献车型;以柴油为主要燃料的大型客车和重型货车是NO_X和PM的主要贡献车型。低排放标准机动车的排放水平远高于其他排放标准车型,且道路拥堵情况对机动车的排放水平亦有重要影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid increase of motor vehicles in Chengdu,the impact of the emissions from these vehicles on air quality has attracted much attention. In this paper,based on COPERT 4 model,through the survey of some basic data( including the amount of different vehicle types,the driving cycles on different roads,the ambient temperatures and the quality of fuels),the emission factors and inventories of the total exhaust emissions of motor vehicles in Chengdu have been calculated. The results showed that the emission inventories of CO,NO_X,VOC,and PM of motor vehicles in Chengdu were 18. 01 ×10~4 t,6. 65 ×10~4 t,3. 16 ×10~4 t,and 0. 13 ×10~4 t,respectively. The analysis results of the emission characteristics revealed that typical gasoline vehicles( including motorcycles and light passenger cars) contribute main CO and VOC emissions while diesel engine vehicles( including coaches and heavy-duty trucks) contribute the majority of NO_X and PM emissions. Emissions of the vehicles under low emission standards were much higher than those under higher emission standards. Traffic situation also has significant impact on the emissions.更多还原