【摘要】 亚历山大征服中亚与印度之后留下的记忆,为这片土地上的希腊继承者们钱币上的肖像和背面图案提供了启示。正是为了唤起人们对亚历山大的回忆,发行者选择了一些特定的希腊神作为钱币的背面图案:宙斯被视为亚历山大的父亲,赫拉克勒斯则被宣称为亚历山大的先祖,雅典娜是亚历山大的出生地马其顿培拉城的女神。同样地,钱币肖像中的印度-希腊人君主或是戴象皮头盔、马其顿平顶帽(一种帽顶突出、边缘宽大的毡帽),或是戴顶部装饰有公牛双角与双耳的头盔(狄奥尼索斯的标志),这些也都与亚历山大的英雄事迹有关。显而易见,亚历山大远征印度的记忆在当地延续了好几个世纪,这是他留给后世的遗产,并在希腊人与印度人的精神与行动中得到了体现。希腊统治者热切希望证明自己在印度统治的合法性,他们日益试图把自己和亚历山大本人及希腊传统相联系,虽然亚历山大在此地统治非常短暂,但他们仍然将此传统坚持了300年之久。更多还原

【Abstract】 The memory of Alexander the Great who conquered Central Asia and India inspired the monetary portraits and reverse types of his Greek successors in these regions. Behind the choice of Greek gods as the reverse type it was the memory of Alexander the Great who was evoked: Zeus was considered the father and Heracles was proclaimed to be an ancestor of Alexander the Great. Athena Alkidemos was the goddess of the town of Pella in Macedonia where Alexander was born. In the same manner, the portraits of Indo-Greek sovereigns wearing the scalp of the elephant or a kausia, a felt cap with a cambered crown and a large brim;and the crested helmet adorned with the horns and the ear of the bull, attributes of Dionysos, all associated with the heroic acts of Alexander the Great. It is evident that the memories of his long march into the Indian territories continued throughout the centuries, leaving reminiscences of the past in the spirit and the behaviour of the various populations of the region, both Greek and Indian. The Greek rulers, aspiring to justify their legitimacy to reign over Indian territories, for their part increasingly attempted to identify themselves with Alexander the Great and with the Greek tradition that they tried to maintain for 300 years after his lightning passage.更多还原