【摘要】 为了协调多沙河流上梯级水库运行过程中防洪与兴利之间的矛盾,首先分析汛末提前蓄水对梯级水库防洪、兴利以及泥沙淤积的影响,然后构建梯级汛末蓄水方案多目标决策模型,利用基于粒子群的多目标搜索算法筛选出非劣解方案集,最后利用组合赋权-理想点法对非劣解集进行综合评价,得出协同优化各目标的最佳蓄水方案。将该模型应用于某流域两个串联水库的汛末蓄水研究,结果表明:根据该模型确定的蓄水最优方案与原方案相比,梯级汛末蓄满率增大了59%,多年平均年发电量增加了0.28亿k W·h,而防洪风险率与库容淤损率仅有小幅度增大。在对水库防洪安全及淤积库容影响不大的情况下,该方案较显著地提高了梯级的兴利效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper studied the effects of the dates to start impounding of each reservoir of a cascade reservoir on flood control,water storage,power generation and sediment discharge during the operation of the cascade reservoir. Based on that,a multi-objective decision model of impounding time of a cascade reservoir was established. And then a non-inferior solution set was obtained through the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally,the non-inferior solution set was evaluated by the combination weight-idea point method,finding an optimal solution. The results indicate that the optimal scheme,compared with the original one,shows an increasing by 59% of the fill storage ratio,and the average annual energy generation increases 28 million k W·h,with the risk rate of flood control and the rate of storage loss only increasing a little. It can significantly improve the profit with little influence on the sediment deposition or security of flood control.更多还原