【摘要】 任何社会的养老都因社会物质和文化环境不同有其时代性特征。在幕藩统治者把实现社会的稳定和谐作为第一要务的江户时代,严格的身份等级制度,以"家"为单位的身份和职业固化、世代再生产,"家"成了幕藩统治者实现稳定目标的重要手段之一。江户时代,无论武士阶层还是庶民阶层,其养老的主要特征均是养老与继承紧密结合。在幕藩体制下,武士阶层的养老依靠武士自己的"家"和主君及家臣团组成的"御家"承担,并形成了制度性保障机制;与之相对,庶民则通常依靠家庭和亲属为主、町村等地方社会为辅的养老方式。儒家孝道伦理与"家"制度下赡养老人的伦理规范相结合,提升了民众对养老行为的道德认识,对当时的养老产生了重要影响,也对理解当今日本社会养老价值观的变化有参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The elderly care and Social Security of senior citizens have separately characteristics of times due to different physical and cultural environments in the society. One of the main characteristics of elderly care in Edo Period, whether of samurais or plebeians, is the close integrity of elderly care and inheritance. Under the Tokugawa Regime, the elderly care of samurais can be institutionally guaranteed by the family they work for or the "Oie" composed of the lord and other ministers. Generally, the plebeians rely on their families, relatives or local communities such as towns and villages to obtain elderly care. The combination of Confucian filial piety and the ethical norms of supporting the elderly under the "family" regime has had a significant impact on the elderly care concept at that time, enhancing the public moral cognition of elderly care behavior. It also has reference significance for understanding the changes in the values of the elderly care in Japanese society.更多还原