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孔孟荀的丧祭思想比较——兼谈儒家死亡教育的启示

Comparison of funeral ideas between Xunzi and Confucius,Mencius——Enlightenment of the present death education

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【作者】 何丹

【Author】 HE Dan;Nanchang University,College of humanities;

【机构】 南昌大学人文学院

【摘要】 基于《荀子》所记丧祭的言论,可知荀子对于死亡之事,主张终始俱善、哀敬为本、严明等级,这与他死生有命的生死观、敬天尊祖的鬼神观、礼义为本的治世观和性伪之分的人性观有着因果关系;又与孔子、孟子提倡的丧祭之礼和死亡教化有着思想渊源。但是不论人性之善恶、鬼神之有无,三者对于死亡的重视和丧祭的强调却是共同的,这体现了他们珍爱生命的基本人生态度,和以礼修身治国的伦理政治主张。儒家对于死亡教化的格外看重和思想影响的长久存在,塑造了关注死亡、思考生命存在、追求不朽人生价值的民族性格,这是当下开展死亡教育所需要激发和借鉴的能量之源。

【Abstract】 Study on the funeral speech record of the book of"Xunzi",it is known that Xunzi advocated for treat death with caution,with grief and respect as the most important,strictly abide by the grading system.The formation of these ideas have a causal relationship as follows view,Include death is a doomed fate,respect for gods and ancestors that detached from the ghosts,think ritual as the fundamental national governance,and humanity has two aspects which are innate and acquired.Also have an ideological origins with the funeral rites and death education which advocated by Confucius,Mencius.Regardless of human nature good or evil,ghosts and gods have or not,Three representatives all pay attention to the death,emphasizing the funeral,this reflects their basic attitude which love for life and ethical politics advocate which self-cultivation and governance through ritual system.The Confucian thought of the importance of death and the long-term existence of ideological influence,shaped the national character that concerned with death,thinking about the existence of life and pursuing the value of immortal life.This is the source of energy needed to stimulate and draw lessons for death education at present.

【关键词】 孔子孟子荀子丧祭思想死亡教育
【Key words】 ConfuciusMenciusXunzifuneral thoughtsdeath education
【基金】 江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目“两周丧礼的仪式与思想研究”(LS17207)
  • 【文献出处】 青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) ,Journal of Qinghai Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) , 编辑部邮箱 ,2018年01期
  • 【分类号】B222
  • 【被引频次】2
  • 【下载频次】544
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