【摘要】 粒重是小麦(Triticum aestivum)产量的重要构成要素,为了开发小麦粒重性状相关的功能标记,本研究通过小麦全基因组预测并克隆得到1个潜在粒重相关基因:小麦细胞色素P450单加氧酶基因(Triticum aestivum cytochrome P450 78A16, TaCYP78A16; GenBank No. MH572527),并对其进行基因结构、表达模式、等位变异分析和粒重性状相关功能标记开发。结果表明,TaCYP78A16基因在小麦幼穗和籽粒发育初期高表达,可能参与籽粒发育、影响粒重;对30个小麦品种中TaCYP78A16基因编码区和启动子等位变异进行分析,发现仅TaCYP78A16-A启动子16Ap检测到7个位点的等位变异;根据7个等位变异中的2个SNP位点(SNP2, SNP3)开发了单核苷酸多态性-酶切扩增多态性序列(single nucleotide polymorphisms-cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences, SNP-CAPS)分子标记CAPS-16Ap,该分子标记可将30个小麦品种16Ap序列分成3种基因型:16Ap-Hap1、16Ap-Hap2和16Ap-Hap3;进一步在323个小麦品种中进行验证,结果显示,CAPS-16Ap标记可用于小麦16Ap序列3种基因型的鉴定。本研究将有助于小麦分子标记辅助选择育种。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grain weight is an important factor determing the yield of wheat(Triticum aestivum) production,and is one of the main objectives in high-yield wheat breeding. In order to develop molecular markers of potential grain weight related genes in wheat, the TaCYP78A16(Triticum aestivum cytochrome P450 78 A 16,GenBank No.: MH572527) gene was isolated from the whole wheat genome, then polymorphism analysis was implemented in its genome sequence. The results showed that high expression of TaCYP78A16 was detected in young panicles immature seeds by real time PCR analysis expression pattern of MA Meng TaCYP78A16 and it indicated that TaCYP78A16 might play an important role in grain development and have an impact on grain weight.Polymorphism analysis showed that there were 7 polymorphic loci in 16 Ap, which formed 3 haplotypes(16 Ap-Hap1, 16 Ap-Hap2 and 16 Ap-Hap3). A CAPS(cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences) marker,16 Ap-Hap, was developed based on SNP to distinguish the promoter of TaCYP78A16-A alleles. A total of 3 genotypes were detected among the 30 wheat accessions and the 323 nature populations based on the CAPS marker. The functional marker, CAPS-16 Ap, can be used in marker-assisted selection breeding in wheat.更多还原