【摘要】 为快速恢复受损生态系统,对灵泉露天煤矿外排土场及采场进行了人工生态恢复实践,对不同生态恢复区的植物多样性进行了调查与评估。结果表明:7个恢复区共发现18科45种植物,多为抗逆性的禾本科和菊科植物。2013和2014年生态恢复区(Ⅰ和Ⅲ)生物多样指数(分别为1.99和1.84)高于矿区外围自然植被区(1.49),其它生态恢复区向自然植被区演变。人工生态恢复区分别有1~2种优势种,但自然恢复区则无明显的优势种。随着恢复时间的增长和精心的人工管护,生态修复区的生物多样性接近甚至超过矿区周边自然恢复区。高寒地区露天煤矿人工恢复措施可以起到快速修复的作用,促进生态系统良性发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The practice of artificial ecological restoration was conducted in waste dump and open pit at Lingquan opencast coal mine in order to restore the damaged ecosystem rapidly. The plant diversity in artificial restoration areas was investigated and evaluated. The results showed that 18 families(45 species) of plants were discovered at seven restoration areas, most of which were from grass and composite families with better resistance. The plant diversity indexes in Restoration area Ⅰ and Ⅲ(1.99 and 1.84 respectively) were higher than that of the natural plant landscape out of mine(1.49) at 2013 and 2014. Other restoration areas were developing towards natural plant landscape. One or two dominant species were discovered in artificial restoration areas, while there was no evident dominant species in natural restoration areas. As the recovery time goes on, the plant diversities in artificial restoration areas become close to even more than those out of natural restoration areas. The artificial ecological restoration measurement played a key role in rapid repairing at opencast coal mine at chill grass region to improve the benign development of ecosystem.更多还原