【摘要】 文章从真实性理论出发,从中英文主流旅行网站中选取中外背包旅游者有关阳朔的代表性博客各12篇,用叙事分析法,从叙事意义的维度比较中西方背包客在真实性体验上的异同,分析其差异产生的原因,旨在积累本土案例,获取本土化的真实性认知。研究发现:中国背包旅游者是能够辨识真假的后现代旅行者;中西方旅行者在建构真实性的建构方式上存在显著差异,美学/科学性标准、感性/理性思维方式、移情想象式/道德伦理化的审美文化、旅行方式的差异是造成两者浪漫化景观体验和现实性生活体验分野的原因;中西方旅行者对客观真实性的理解明显受文化背景影响,Belhassen等的体验真实性三维结构可作为今后经验研究的概念性框架;西方旅行者经历着从现代到后现代的渐变交汇,愉悦性和舒适性可以部分替代其他标准,成为后现代旅行者扬弃客体真实性的标准,因此兼顾客体真实性和主体真实性的研究路径将持续有效。今后研究可结合线下调查和多案例对比研究来进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the major theories in tourism areas,"authenticity"has been a concept full of contention ever since its emergence. It has been argued that authenticity might not be a motivation embraced by non-western tourists. Backpackers have been considered as the ones have much stronger authenticity motivation than mass tourists, thus have been selected as the research object to study the difference between Western and Chinese tourists’ authenticity experiences. Based on a brief literature review of authenticity theory, the scope of the research has been narrowed down to:(1) an empirical study on Chinese localized authentic experience;(2) a comparative study between Western and Chinese backpacker travelers based on not only object-related authenticity but also activity-related authentic experience including experiences in the natural setting. Based on author’s long-term participant observation and field research in backpacking travel, twelve representative blogs about Yangshuo have been respectively selected from best-known Western and Chinese traveler’s websites. Narrative analysis is employed as a textual analysis method using performative approach and structural analysis mode(mainly binary oppositions)to analyze the similarities and differences of Western and Chinese backpackers’ authentic experiences from the dimension of narrative significance. The author aims to voice Chinese localized research on the international authenticity stage.Yangshuo has been chosen to be the case of the study for three reasons: firstly, it is a backpacker hub for both Chinese and Westerners; secondly, it possesses rich natural and cultural resources and has been an ideal natural tourism destination to explore the object-related authenticity; thirdly, a diversity of tourist activities have been participated by travelers in Yangshuo so that subject-related/activity-related authenticity can be discoursed.By analyzing and comparing the qualitative data of 24 blogs, the author concludes four findings.First, authenticity may not be an inherent concept under Chinese traditional context, but Chinese backpacker travelers are post-modern travelers who can differentiate object-related authenticity.Second, Chinese and Western travelers distinguish distinctively on how they construct their constructive authenticity. Chinese construct it based on aesthetic value through emotional imagination and imaginal thinking, while Westerners construct it on scientific value(besides aesthetic value) mainly by rational and logical thinking. Therefore, the Chinese create a romanticized landscape authenticity experience based on aesthetic value, while the Westerner build a realistic and localized life experiencing mode symbolized by the"other"(the local people) based on ethic value. Another reason for their different authenticity experiencing modes is that their traveling patterns differ. The more rigid,online-guided itinerary of Chinese backpackers lead them to more tourist-like attractions so that they can experience more scenic beauty but less real life authenticity, while the less aimless traveling around takes Western backpackers to witness more living scenes of the locals’ realistic life authenticity. Third,the understandings of object authenticity of Chinese and Western travelers are deeply influenced by the cultural background. Theoplacity of experienced authenticity proposed by Belhassen et al(2008) can be employed as a conceptual framework for the future empirical study on authenticity. Fourth, Western travelers are transiting from modern travelers to post-modern travelers and these two groups will coexist for a long time, so a research approach taking account of both object-related authenticity and subject-related authenticity still holds good. Principles of pleasure and comfort can replace some of the other criteria(such as scientific and ethic values) for Western backpackers to judge if they should keep or discard the object-related authenticity. In the future study, off-line communication with the bloggers and multiple case studies should be combined to compare the Chinese and Western backpacker groups with similar traveling patterns and gain more"authentic"conclusions.更多还原