【摘要】 目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)在少年犯中的患病情况、分型及行为特征。方法:整群抽取北京、上海两市少管所被监管的少年罪犯670人,由专业儿童精神科医生对其进行精神检查,根据《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)ADHD诊断标准,以ADHD评定量表第4版-父母版为诊断工具对入组者进行ADHD诊断及分型;采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)评定入组者的行为特征。结果:670名在押少年犯中,诊断为ADHD 208例(31.04%);其中注意缺陷为主型、多动冲动为主型、混合型分别为94例(45.2%)、29例(13.9%)、85例(40.9%)。ADHD组CBCL总分及各因子分显著高于非ADHD组(P均<0.0001);ADHD组中各亚型间CBCL总分及各因子分比较差异无统计学意义。结论:在押少年犯中ADHD患病率及多动冲动为主型的比率明显高于普通人群;患ADHD的少年犯行为问题更多。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the prevalence,classification and behavioral characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in juvenile delinquents. Method: By the whole group of sampling,a total 670 juvenile delinquents were collected from juvenile detentions of Beijing and Shanghai. They were assessed by child psychiatrists for mental examination. They were diagnosed and classified using the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4 th edition(DSM-IV) and ADHD rating scale-IV: parent version. Achenbach child behavior scale(CBCL) was used to evaluate their behavioral characteristics. Results:In the 670 cases,208 cases(31. 04%) were diagnosed as ADHD. Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type,predominantly inattentive type and combined type were 94 cases(45. 2%),29 cases(13. 9%),85 cases(40. 9%),respectively. The total score and each factor score of CBCL in the ADHD group were significantly higher than non-ADHD group(all P < 0. 0001). There was no significant differences in the total score and each factor score of CBCL among the three subtypes of ADHD. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADHD and the ratio of predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type in juvenile delinquents are significantly higher than those in the general population. Juvenile delinquents with ADHD have more behavioral problems.更多还原