【摘要】 <正>2012年7月4日,粒子物理科学家们在欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)的大型强子对撞机(LHC)上发现了标准模型中的基石性粒子——希格斯粒子.希格斯玻色子的发现为人类进一步深入研究物质深层次问题打开了新的大门.希格斯玻色子既是标准模型的基石,同时也是其他谜团产生的主要原因,如自然性问题、质量层次问题和真空稳定问题等.因此,对希格斯玻色子的精确测量,可以很好地探索标准模型和标准模型超越之外的深层次物理理论问题.更多还原

【Abstract】 The Higgs particle, cornerstone of the Standard Model(SM) and predicted 50 years ago, was discovered by the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) at Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire(CERN) on 4 July 2012. The discovery of the Higgs boson raises new opportunities for a large-scale accelerators. Thanks to the low mass of the Higgs, it is possible to produce it in the relatively clean environment of a Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC), in addition to linear electron-positron colliders, such as the International Linear Collider(ILC). As for linear colliders, in August 2004 the International Committee for Future Accelerators(ICFA) decided that the future linear collider should be based on superconducting technology based, and baptised it the International Linear Collider(ILC, 500 GeV). From 2005, the ILC Global Design Effort(GDE) was established and led by Barry Barish. In 2007, the ILC Reference Design Report(RDR) was released with a reference ILC cost. After a series of efforts on design optimisation and technology R&D, the ILC Technical Design Report(TDR) was released in 2013. The Linear Collider Collaboration(LCC) then took the baton including the Compact Linear Collider(CLIC) study. It is led by Lyn Evans with efforts of further R&D, cost reduction and ILC/CLIC synergies. Taking into account LHC Run2 results, the Japanese HEP community(JapH EP) made an important statement on 22 July 2017 and concluded that "in light of the recent outcomes of IHC Run2, Jap HEP proposes to promptly construct ILC as Higgs factories with the center-of mass energy of 250 GeV in Japan". With this new input from Jap HEP, the Linear Collider Board(LCB), a panel of ICFA led by Tatsuya Nakada, concluded that this option shows not only a compelling physics case as a Higgs factory but also substantial 40 percent cost reduction compared to the original 500-Ge V ILC. On November 2017, LCB gave strong support to the Jap HEP proposal to construct a 250-GeV-ILC in Japan and encouraged the Japanese government to give the proposal a serious consideration for a timely decision. At the same time and with the input from LCB, ICFA(led by Joachim Mnich) declared its support LCB conclusions and encouraged also strongly Japan to realize the 250-GeV ILC in a timely fashion as Higgs boson factory as an international project led by Japanese initiative. As for circular colliders, just two months after the Higgs boson was found, in September 2012 Chinese scientists proposed a Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC) in China at 240 GeV center of mass for Higgs studies with two detectors situated in a very long tunnel more than twice the size of the LHC at CERN. It could later be used to host a Super proton proton collider(Spp C) well beyond LHC energy potential to reach a new energy frontier in the same channel. With the above historical recall, in summary, 2018 is indeed a milestone year for both 250-GeV ILC and CEPC, two potential Higgs factories in Asia in complementarity. While the first one has big potential to reach electron positron colliding energy frontier up to 1 TeV in pushing superconducting accelerator technology to a new limit, the other has the great potential to develop into a hadron hadron collider of 100 TeV(center of mass energy) in pushing superconducting magnet technology to an unprecedent high level. Both kinds of technologies will surely find wide applications in all aspects of fields including our everyday life.更多还原